One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis?
Phenol is an important chemical compound since it is a precursor of the industrial production of many materials and useful compounds. Nowadays, phenol is industrially produced from benzene by the multi-step “cumene process”, which is energy consuming due to high temperature and high pressure. Moreov...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/12/1424 |
| _version_ | 1797545598018125824 |
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| author | Antonietta Mancuso Olga Sacco Diana Sannino Vincenzo Venditto Vincenzo Vaiano |
| author_facet | Antonietta Mancuso Olga Sacco Diana Sannino Vincenzo Venditto Vincenzo Vaiano |
| author_sort | Antonietta Mancuso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phenol is an important chemical compound since it is a precursor of the industrial production of many materials and useful compounds. Nowadays, phenol is industrially produced from benzene by the multi-step “cumene process”, which is energy consuming due to high temperature and high pressure. Moreover, in the “cumene process”, the highly explosive cumene hydroperoxide is produced as an intermediate. To overcome these disadvantages, it would be useful to develop green alternatives for the synthesis of phenol that are more efficient and environmentally benign. In this regard, great interest is devoted to processes in which the one-step oxidation of benzene to phenol is achieved, thanks to the use of suitable catalysts and oxidant species. This review article discusses the direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase using different catalyst formulations, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and photocatalysts, and focuses on the reaction mechanisms involved in the selective conversion of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:18:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8555b73f1ed94c52a27e633d58a0e229 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:18:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-8555b73f1ed94c52a27e633d58a0e2292023-11-20T23:36:41ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442020-12-011012142410.3390/catal10121424One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis?Antonietta Mancuso0Olga Sacco1Diana Sannino2Vincenzo Venditto3Vincenzo Vaiano4Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyPhenol is an important chemical compound since it is a precursor of the industrial production of many materials and useful compounds. Nowadays, phenol is industrially produced from benzene by the multi-step “cumene process”, which is energy consuming due to high temperature and high pressure. Moreover, in the “cumene process”, the highly explosive cumene hydroperoxide is produced as an intermediate. To overcome these disadvantages, it would be useful to develop green alternatives for the synthesis of phenol that are more efficient and environmentally benign. In this regard, great interest is devoted to processes in which the one-step oxidation of benzene to phenol is achieved, thanks to the use of suitable catalysts and oxidant species. This review article discusses the direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase using different catalyst formulations, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and photocatalysts, and focuses on the reaction mechanisms involved in the selective conversion of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/12/1424benzenephenolselective oxidationhomogeneous (photo)catalystsheterogeneous (photo)catalysts |
| spellingShingle | Antonietta Mancuso Olga Sacco Diana Sannino Vincenzo Venditto Vincenzo Vaiano One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? Catalysts benzene phenol selective oxidation homogeneous (photo)catalysts heterogeneous (photo)catalysts |
| title | One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? |
| title_full | One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? |
| title_fullStr | One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? |
| title_full_unstemmed | One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? |
| title_short | One-Step Catalytic or Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Possible Alternative Routes for Phenol Synthesis? |
| title_sort | one step catalytic or photocatalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol possible alternative routes for phenol synthesis |
| topic | benzene phenol selective oxidation homogeneous (photo)catalysts heterogeneous (photo)catalysts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/12/1424 |
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