Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation
Introduction The state of California has enacted progressive anti-tobacco policies, including Proposition 56 in 2016. In response, the alternative and emerging tobacco product (ATP) industry has increased its political activity. This study explores the association between the proportion of people vo...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Prevention and Cessation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.tobaccopreventioncessation.com/Examining-the-association-between-California-tobacco-licensed-retail-density-and,156460,0,2.html |
| _version_ | 1797839614816288768 |
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| author | Vidya Purushothaman Raphael E. Cuomo Jiawei Li Tim K. Mackey |
| author_facet | Vidya Purushothaman Raphael E. Cuomo Jiawei Li Tim K. Mackey |
| author_sort | Vidya Purushothaman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
The state of California has enacted progressive anti-tobacco policies,
including Proposition 56 in 2016. In response, the alternative and emerging tobacco
product (ATP) industry has increased its political activity. This study explores the
association between the proportion of people voting against Proposition 56 and
tobacco/ATP retail density.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis using data on licensed California
tobacco retailers, which were then cross-referenced for categorization using Yelp.
Proportion voting against Proposition 56 was obtained from the Secretary of State’s
website. A series of linear regression tests were performed between populationnormalized
retailer density and voting proportion at the county level before and
after adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, race/ethnicity and median
household income.
Results
The total number of licensed tobacco retailers increased by 29.31%
from 2015 to 2019. Association between proportion voting against Proposition
56 and retail density was significant during voting and during periods of policy
implementation and post-implementation (2016–2018) for non-specialized tobacco
retailers. For specialized/ATP retailers, significance was only detected during the
post-implementation period (2018–2019) after normalization. Proportion voting
against Proposition 56 was also a significant predictor of increase in total number
of non-specific (β=0.48, p=0.008) as well as specialized tobacco and/or ATP retail
storefronts (β=0.21, p=0.001) from 2016 to 2018.
Conclusions
This study provides initial evidence of the association between tobacco
retail density and voting patterns for anti-tobacco policy. Future research should
examine the role of tobacco retail density on variation in local support for state
tobacco control initiatives, including tailoring outreach to specific voting census
blocks in communities with heavy retail presence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:00:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-856b3ce49cf14276a7dfbf6ae2ede422 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2459-3087 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:00:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tobacco Prevention and Cessation |
| spelling | doaj.art-856b3ce49cf14276a7dfbf6ae2ede4222023-04-25T11:26:55ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Prevention and Cessation2459-30872023-01-019January11110.18332/tpc/156460156460Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislationVidya Purushothaman0Raphael E. Cuomo1Jiawei Li2Tim K. Mackey3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2191-7833Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, United StatesGlobal Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, United StatesGlobal Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, United StatesIntroduction The state of California has enacted progressive anti-tobacco policies, including Proposition 56 in 2016. In response, the alternative and emerging tobacco product (ATP) industry has increased its political activity. This study explores the association between the proportion of people voting against Proposition 56 and tobacco/ATP retail density. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis using data on licensed California tobacco retailers, which were then cross-referenced for categorization using Yelp. Proportion voting against Proposition 56 was obtained from the Secretary of State’s website. A series of linear regression tests were performed between populationnormalized retailer density and voting proportion at the county level before and after adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, race/ethnicity and median household income. Results The total number of licensed tobacco retailers increased by 29.31% from 2015 to 2019. Association between proportion voting against Proposition 56 and retail density was significant during voting and during periods of policy implementation and post-implementation (2016–2018) for non-specialized tobacco retailers. For specialized/ATP retailers, significance was only detected during the post-implementation period (2018–2019) after normalization. Proportion voting against Proposition 56 was also a significant predictor of increase in total number of non-specific (β=0.48, p=0.008) as well as specialized tobacco and/or ATP retail storefronts (β=0.21, p=0.001) from 2016 to 2018. Conclusions This study provides initial evidence of the association between tobacco retail density and voting patterns for anti-tobacco policy. Future research should examine the role of tobacco retail density on variation in local support for state tobacco control initiatives, including tailoring outreach to specific voting census blocks in communities with heavy retail presence.http://www.tobaccopreventioncessation.com/Examining-the-association-between-California-tobacco-licensed-retail-density-and,156460,0,2.htmlregression analysishealth policyecological epidemiologytobacco researchtobacco retailers |
| spellingShingle | Vidya Purushothaman Raphael E. Cuomo Jiawei Li Tim K. Mackey Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation Tobacco Prevention and Cessation regression analysis health policy ecological epidemiology tobacco research tobacco retailers |
| title | Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation |
| title_full | Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation |
| title_fullStr | Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation |
| title_short | Examining the association between California tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti-tobacco legislation |
| title_sort | examining the association between california tobacco licensed retail density and public support or opposition to state anti tobacco legislation |
| topic | regression analysis health policy ecological epidemiology tobacco research tobacco retailers |
| url | http://www.tobaccopreventioncessation.com/Examining-the-association-between-California-tobacco-licensed-retail-density-and,156460,0,2.html |
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