An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control
Trypanosomosis is a global animal issue, causing significant economic losses, particularly in Africa. In Spain, only one pathogenic species, <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, has been identified so far. It was first detected in a dromedary camel in the Canary Islands in 1997. Since then, numero...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/243 |
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| author | Adrián Melián Henríquez María Teresa Tejedor-Junco Margarita González-Martín Manuel Morales Doreste Sergio Martín Martel Massimo Paone Giuliano Cecchi Juan Alberto Corbera |
| author_facet | Adrián Melián Henríquez María Teresa Tejedor-Junco Margarita González-Martín Manuel Morales Doreste Sergio Martín Martel Massimo Paone Giuliano Cecchi Juan Alberto Corbera |
| author_sort | Adrián Melián Henríquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trypanosomosis is a global animal issue, causing significant economic losses, particularly in Africa. In Spain, only one pathogenic species, <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, has been identified so far. It was first detected in a dromedary camel in the Canary Islands in 1997. Since then, numerous cases of the disease, known as Surra, have been diagnosed, prompting various studies and efforts in control and surveillance. Given the lack of a comprehensive database that consolidates the most relevant data in this area, the development of a national atlas, with a focus on the Canary Islands, to incorporate all available information on <i>T. evansi</i> in Spain became a necessity. For the development of the atlas, a repository was constructed, encompassing a range of datasets and documents spanning from 1997 to 2022. Information from each source, and in particular georeferenced locations and results of blood tests on animals, were extracted and integrated into a comprehensive database. A total of 31 sources were analysed, providing a total of 99 georeferenced locations and 12,433 animal samples. Out of these samples, 601 (mostly from dromedaries) were found to be positive for <i>T. evansi</i>. The Card Agglutination Test for <i>T. evansi</i> (CATT/<i>T. evansi</i>), a serological test, was the most commonly used diagnostic method, and it showed a higher prevalence for all tested animal species. Positive cases were mainly concentrated in the Canary Islands, specifically in the eastern islands, with isolated cases found in the province of Alicante (Iberian Peninsula). This atlas provides an overview of the history and occurrence of Surra in Spain, and it represents a valuable tool for future control initiatives and for research. Still, the need for more studies remains, especially for further testing of potential hosts other than camelids and for the examination of their potential transmission vectors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:08:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-858ed1f3880f426583f19a7b383226d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:08:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-858ed1f3880f426583f19a7b383226d02024-01-26T14:31:44ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-01-0114224310.3390/ani14020243An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease ControlAdrián Melián Henríquez0María Teresa Tejedor-Junco1Margarita González-Martín2Manuel Morales Doreste3Sergio Martín Martel4Massimo Paone5Giuliano Cecchi6Juan Alberto Corbera7Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas, SpainInstituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas, SpainInstituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas, SpainHospital Clínico Veterinario-Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (HCV-ULPGC), Campus Universitario de Arucas, 35413 Las Palmas, SpainInstituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas, SpainAnimal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, ItalyAnimal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, ItalyInstituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016 Las Palmas, SpainTrypanosomosis is a global animal issue, causing significant economic losses, particularly in Africa. In Spain, only one pathogenic species, <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, has been identified so far. It was first detected in a dromedary camel in the Canary Islands in 1997. Since then, numerous cases of the disease, known as Surra, have been diagnosed, prompting various studies and efforts in control and surveillance. Given the lack of a comprehensive database that consolidates the most relevant data in this area, the development of a national atlas, with a focus on the Canary Islands, to incorporate all available information on <i>T. evansi</i> in Spain became a necessity. For the development of the atlas, a repository was constructed, encompassing a range of datasets and documents spanning from 1997 to 2022. Information from each source, and in particular georeferenced locations and results of blood tests on animals, were extracted and integrated into a comprehensive database. A total of 31 sources were analysed, providing a total of 99 georeferenced locations and 12,433 animal samples. Out of these samples, 601 (mostly from dromedaries) were found to be positive for <i>T. evansi</i>. The Card Agglutination Test for <i>T. evansi</i> (CATT/<i>T. evansi</i>), a serological test, was the most commonly used diagnostic method, and it showed a higher prevalence for all tested animal species. Positive cases were mainly concentrated in the Canary Islands, specifically in the eastern islands, with isolated cases found in the province of Alicante (Iberian Peninsula). This atlas provides an overview of the history and occurrence of Surra in Spain, and it represents a valuable tool for future control initiatives and for research. Still, the need for more studies remains, especially for further testing of potential hosts other than camelids and for the examination of their potential transmission vectors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/243SpainCanary IslandsatlasAfrican animal trypanosomosis<i>Trypanosoma</i> spp.<i>T. evansi</i> |
| spellingShingle | Adrián Melián Henríquez María Teresa Tejedor-Junco Margarita González-Martín Manuel Morales Doreste Sergio Martín Martel Massimo Paone Giuliano Cecchi Juan Alberto Corbera An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control Animals Spain Canary Islands atlas African animal trypanosomosis <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp. <i>T. evansi</i> |
| title | An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control |
| title_full | An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control |
| title_fullStr | An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control |
| title_short | An Atlas of Surra in Spain: A Tool to Support Epidemiological Investigations and Disease Control |
| title_sort | atlas of surra in spain a tool to support epidemiological investigations and disease control |
| topic | Spain Canary Islands atlas African animal trypanosomosis <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp. <i>T. evansi</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/243 |
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