| Summary: | Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by upper airway collapsibility and intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep. It has neurological complications and it has been associated with morbidity and mortality. Increased serum levels of S100B protein indicates brain injury. Early detection of possible complications of OSA patients could improve management of the disease.
Study objective: Measurement of serum S100B protein in OSA patients with correlation to the severity of the disease.
Patients and methods: Fifty five OSA patients (24 females; 43.6% and 31 males; 56.4%) and 34 control individuals (17 females; 50% and 17 males; 50%) had a sleep apnea monitoring using the SAM equipment, Inter care technologies, model 100, USA, and S100B serum levels were measured after the sleep study at 6.30–7.30 am.
Results: S100B serum levels were higher in patients than controls (P < 0.001) and the levels correlated with the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) (P < 0.001), lowest oxygen saturation (LOS) (P < 0.001), and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Serum S100B protein was significantly elevated in OSA patients and its serum levels correlated with the severity of the disease. Increased serum S100B could indicat brain injury and could be a potential serum biomarker for detection of early neurological complications in OSA patients that could improve the management and care of these patients.
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