Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut
Chestnuts are popular edible nuts that are rich in starch. In order to enhance the transcriptomic resources and further understand starch and sucrose metabolism in maturing chestnuts, a comparative transcriptomic study of Chinese chestnut kernels was conducted at three ripening stages (70, 82, and 9...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
|
| Series: | Forests |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/388 |
| _version_ | 1797571819308318720 |
|---|---|
| author | Shengxing Li Haiying Liang Liang Tao Liquan Xiong Wenhui Liang Zhuogong Shi Zhiheng Zhao |
| author_facet | Shengxing Li Haiying Liang Liang Tao Liquan Xiong Wenhui Liang Zhuogong Shi Zhiheng Zhao |
| author_sort | Shengxing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chestnuts are popular edible nuts that are rich in starch. In order to enhance the transcriptomic resources and further understand starch and sucrose metabolism in maturing chestnuts, a comparative transcriptomic study of Chinese chestnut kernels was conducted at three ripening stages (70, 82, and 94 DAF). At 82 and 94 days after flowering (DAF), starch continued to accumulate, and the amylopectin/amylose ratio increased. Transcriptomic profiling of kernels at 70 (stage I), 82 (stage II), and 94 DAF (stage III) indicated that soluble starch synthase and α-1,4-glucan branching enzyme genes are actively expressed at 82 and 94 DAF. The starch degradation enzymes amylase, phosphoglucan phosphatase DSP4, and maltose exporter did not show differential gene expression, while glycogen phosphorylase-encoding unigenes were significantly down-regulated at 94 DAF. In addition to starch and sucrose metabolism, RNA transport, RNA degradation, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interactions, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were found to be significantly enriched in all comparisons included in the study. As Chinese chestnut matured, the unique enriched pathways switched from ribosomal biogenesis and RNA polymerase of eukaryotes to endocytosis and spliceosomes. These genomic resources and findings are valuable for further understanding starch and sucrose metabolism in the Chinese chestnut. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:46:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-859f6f76af1442c8875e380d4300e441 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:46:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-859f6f76af1442c8875e380d4300e4412023-11-19T20:18:41ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-04-0111438810.3390/f11040388Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in ChestnutShengxing Li0Haiying Liang1Liang Tao2Liquan Xiong3Wenhui Liang4Zhuogong Shi5Zhiheng Zhao6Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaDepartment of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USAKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Utilization of Guangxi Characteristic Economic Forest, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530225, ChinaKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Utilization of Guangxi Characteristic Economic Forest, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530225, ChinaChestnuts are popular edible nuts that are rich in starch. In order to enhance the transcriptomic resources and further understand starch and sucrose metabolism in maturing chestnuts, a comparative transcriptomic study of Chinese chestnut kernels was conducted at three ripening stages (70, 82, and 94 DAF). At 82 and 94 days after flowering (DAF), starch continued to accumulate, and the amylopectin/amylose ratio increased. Transcriptomic profiling of kernels at 70 (stage I), 82 (stage II), and 94 DAF (stage III) indicated that soluble starch synthase and α-1,4-glucan branching enzyme genes are actively expressed at 82 and 94 DAF. The starch degradation enzymes amylase, phosphoglucan phosphatase DSP4, and maltose exporter did not show differential gene expression, while glycogen phosphorylase-encoding unigenes were significantly down-regulated at 94 DAF. In addition to starch and sucrose metabolism, RNA transport, RNA degradation, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interactions, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were found to be significantly enriched in all comparisons included in the study. As Chinese chestnut matured, the unique enriched pathways switched from ribosomal biogenesis and RNA polymerase of eukaryotes to endocytosis and spliceosomes. These genomic resources and findings are valuable for further understanding starch and sucrose metabolism in the Chinese chestnut.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/388amylopectin/amylose ratiochestnutgene differential expressionRNA sequencingstarch synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Shengxing Li Haiying Liang Liang Tao Liquan Xiong Wenhui Liang Zhuogong Shi Zhiheng Zhao Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut Forests amylopectin/amylose ratio chestnut gene differential expression RNA sequencing starch synthesis |
| title | Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut |
| title_full | Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut |
| title_short | Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut |
| title_sort | transcriptome sequencing and differential expression analysis reveal molecular mechanisms for starch accumulation in chestnut |
| topic | amylopectin/amylose ratio chestnut gene differential expression RNA sequencing starch synthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/388 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shengxingli transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT haiyingliang transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT liangtao transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT liquanxiong transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT wenhuiliang transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT zhuogongshi transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut AT zhihengzhao transcriptomesequencinganddifferentialexpressionanalysisrevealmolecularmechanismsforstarchaccumulationinchestnut |