Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan
Floods are one of the most destructive natural hazards in Pakistan, causing significant damage. During monsoons, when westerly winds and concentrated rainfall occur in rivers’ catchments, floods become unmanageable. Given the limited resources of Pakistan, there has been minimal effort to quantify t...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/2/26 |
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| author | Maaz Saleem Muhammad Arfan Kamran Ansari Daniyal Hassan |
| author_facet | Maaz Saleem Muhammad Arfan Kamran Ansari Daniyal Hassan |
| author_sort | Maaz Saleem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Floods are one of the most destructive natural hazards in Pakistan, causing significant damage. During monsoons, when westerly winds and concentrated rainfall occur in rivers’ catchments, floods become unmanageable. Given the limited resources of Pakistan, there has been minimal effort to quantify the amount of rainfall and runoff generated by ungauged catchments. In this study, ten hill torrents in Koh e Suleiman (District Rajanpur and DG Khan), an area affected by flash flooding in 2022 due to extreme precipitation events, were investigated. The Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), a semi-distributed event-based hydrological model, was used to delineate streams and quantify runoff. Statistical analysis of the rainfall trends was performed using the non-parametric Gumbel extreme value analysis type I distribution, the Mann–Kendall test, and Sen’s slope. The results of the study show that the total inflow to the river Indus is 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 MAF for 25, 50, 100, and 200 years of return period rainfall, respectively. This study presents appropriate storage options with a retention potential of 0.14, 1.14, and 1.13 MAF based on an analysis of the hydrology of these hill torrents to enhance the spate irrigation potential as flood control in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:11:57Z |
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| id | doaj.art-85a36b02654f4926b56d104a74bb101f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:11:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-85a36b02654f4926b56d104a74bb101f2023-11-16T23:04:43ZengMDPI AGResources2079-92762023-02-011222610.3390/resources12020026Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of PakistanMaaz Saleem0Muhammad Arfan1Kamran Ansari2Daniyal Hassan3US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76090, PakistanUS-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76090, PakistanUS-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76090, PakistanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USAFloods are one of the most destructive natural hazards in Pakistan, causing significant damage. During monsoons, when westerly winds and concentrated rainfall occur in rivers’ catchments, floods become unmanageable. Given the limited resources of Pakistan, there has been minimal effort to quantify the amount of rainfall and runoff generated by ungauged catchments. In this study, ten hill torrents in Koh e Suleiman (District Rajanpur and DG Khan), an area affected by flash flooding in 2022 due to extreme precipitation events, were investigated. The Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), a semi-distributed event-based hydrological model, was used to delineate streams and quantify runoff. Statistical analysis of the rainfall trends was performed using the non-parametric Gumbel extreme value analysis type I distribution, the Mann–Kendall test, and Sen’s slope. The results of the study show that the total inflow to the river Indus is 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 MAF for 25, 50, 100, and 200 years of return period rainfall, respectively. This study presents appropriate storage options with a retention potential of 0.14, 1.14, and 1.13 MAF based on an analysis of the hydrology of these hill torrents to enhance the spate irrigation potential as flood control in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/2/26flash floodinghill torrentsmonsoon floodinghydrological modelingMann–Kendallfrequency analysis |
| spellingShingle | Maaz Saleem Muhammad Arfan Kamran Ansari Daniyal Hassan Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan Resources flash flooding hill torrents monsoon flooding hydrological modeling Mann–Kendall frequency analysis |
| title | Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan |
| title_full | Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan |
| title_short | Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan |
| title_sort | analyzing the impact of ungauged hill torrents on the riverine floods of the river indus a case study of koh e suleiman mountains in the dg khan and rajanpur districts of pakistan |
| topic | flash flooding hill torrents monsoon flooding hydrological modeling Mann–Kendall frequency analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/12/2/26 |
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