Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes
Kelp forests in the North Atlantic are at risk of decline at their warm temperature distribution margins due to anthropogenic temperature rise and more frequent marine heat waves. To investigate the thermal adaptation of the cold-temperate kelp Laminaria digitata, we sampled six populations, from th...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.870792/full |
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| author | Nele M. Schimpf Nele M. Schimpf Daniel Liesner Daniel Liesner Kiara Franke Kiara Franke Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Inka Bartsch |
| author_facet | Nele M. Schimpf Nele M. Schimpf Daniel Liesner Daniel Liesner Kiara Franke Kiara Franke Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Inka Bartsch |
| author_sort | Nele M. Schimpf |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kelp forests in the North Atlantic are at risk of decline at their warm temperature distribution margins due to anthropogenic temperature rise and more frequent marine heat waves. To investigate the thermal adaptation of the cold-temperate kelp Laminaria digitata, we sampled six populations, from the Arctic to Brittany (Spitsbergen, Tromsø, Bodø [all Norway], Helgoland [Germany], Roscoff and Quiberon [both France]), across the species’ entire distribution range, spanning 31.5° latitude and 12-13°C difference in mean summer sea surface temperature. We used pooled vegetative gametophytes derived from several sporophytes to approximate the genetic diversity of each location. Gametophytes were exposed to (sub-) lethal high (20-25°C) and (sub-) optimal low (0-15°C) temperature gradients in two full-factorial, common-garden experiments, subjecting subsets of populations from different origins to the same conditions. We assessed survival of gametophytes, their ability to develop microscopic sporophytes, and subsequent growth. We hypothesized that the thermal performance of gametophytes and microscopic sporophytes corresponds to their local long-term thermal history. Integrated gametophyte survival revealed a uniform upper survival temperature (UST) of 24°C among five tested populations (Tromsø to Quiberon). In contrast, following two weeks of thermal priming of gametophytes at 20-22°C, sporophyte formation at 15°C was significantly higher in southern populations (Quiberon and Roscoff) compared to the high-latitude population of Tromsø. Between 0-15°C, survival of the Arctic population (Spitsbergen) was negatively correlated with increasing temperatures, while the southern-most population (Quiberon) showed the opposite. Thus, responses of survival at low, and sporophyte formation at high temperatures, support the concept of local adaption. On the other hand, sporophyte formation between 0-15°C peaked at 6-9°C in the Quiberon and at 9-12°C in the Spitsbergen population. Sporophyte growth rates (GR) both in length and width were similar for Spitsbergen, Tromsø and Quiberon; all had maximum GRs at 12-15°C and low GRs at 0-6°C. Therefore, responses of sporophyte formation and growth at low temperatures do not reflect ecotypic adaptation. We conclude that L. digitata populations display trait-dependent adaptation, partly corresponding to their local temperature histories and partly manifesting uniform or unpredictable responses. This suggests differential selection pressures on the ontogenetic development of kelps such as L. digitata. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:35:37Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:35:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-85be4aa830294f0dbd9a382b876858d42022-12-22T00:24:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-06-01910.3389/fmars.2022.870792870792Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along LatitudesNele M. Schimpf0Nele M. Schimpf1Daniel Liesner2Daniel Liesner3Kiara Franke4Kiara Franke5Michael Y. Roleda6Michael Y. Roleda7Michael Y. Roleda8Inka Bartsch9Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanySchool of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United KingdomAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyDepartment of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyApplied Ecology and Phycology, University of Rostock, Rostock, GermanyDivision of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, NorwayBiomarine Resource Valorisation, Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Bodø, NorwayThe Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, PhilippinesAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyKelp forests in the North Atlantic are at risk of decline at their warm temperature distribution margins due to anthropogenic temperature rise and more frequent marine heat waves. To investigate the thermal adaptation of the cold-temperate kelp Laminaria digitata, we sampled six populations, from the Arctic to Brittany (Spitsbergen, Tromsø, Bodø [all Norway], Helgoland [Germany], Roscoff and Quiberon [both France]), across the species’ entire distribution range, spanning 31.5° latitude and 12-13°C difference in mean summer sea surface temperature. We used pooled vegetative gametophytes derived from several sporophytes to approximate the genetic diversity of each location. Gametophytes were exposed to (sub-) lethal high (20-25°C) and (sub-) optimal low (0-15°C) temperature gradients in two full-factorial, common-garden experiments, subjecting subsets of populations from different origins to the same conditions. We assessed survival of gametophytes, their ability to develop microscopic sporophytes, and subsequent growth. We hypothesized that the thermal performance of gametophytes and microscopic sporophytes corresponds to their local long-term thermal history. Integrated gametophyte survival revealed a uniform upper survival temperature (UST) of 24°C among five tested populations (Tromsø to Quiberon). In contrast, following two weeks of thermal priming of gametophytes at 20-22°C, sporophyte formation at 15°C was significantly higher in southern populations (Quiberon and Roscoff) compared to the high-latitude population of Tromsø. Between 0-15°C, survival of the Arctic population (Spitsbergen) was negatively correlated with increasing temperatures, while the southern-most population (Quiberon) showed the opposite. Thus, responses of survival at low, and sporophyte formation at high temperatures, support the concept of local adaption. On the other hand, sporophyte formation between 0-15°C peaked at 6-9°C in the Quiberon and at 9-12°C in the Spitsbergen population. Sporophyte growth rates (GR) both in length and width were similar for Spitsbergen, Tromsø and Quiberon; all had maximum GRs at 12-15°C and low GRs at 0-6°C. Therefore, responses of sporophyte formation and growth at low temperatures do not reflect ecotypic adaptation. We conclude that L. digitata populations display trait-dependent adaptation, partly corresponding to their local temperature histories and partly manifesting uniform or unpredictable responses. This suggests differential selection pressures on the ontogenetic development of kelps such as L. digitata.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.870792/fullkelpgametophytestemperaturelocal adaptationNorth Atlanticlatitudinal gradient |
| spellingShingle | Nele M. Schimpf Nele M. Schimpf Daniel Liesner Daniel Liesner Kiara Franke Kiara Franke Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Inka Bartsch Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes Frontiers in Marine Science kelp gametophytes temperature local adaptation North Atlantic latitudinal gradient |
| title | Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes |
| title_full | Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes |
| title_fullStr | Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes |
| title_short | Microscopic Stages of North Atlantic Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) Exhibit Trait-Dependent Thermal Adaptation Along Latitudes |
| title_sort | microscopic stages of north atlantic laminaria digitata phaeophyceae exhibit trait dependent thermal adaptation along latitudes |
| topic | kelp gametophytes temperature local adaptation North Atlantic latitudinal gradient |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.870792/full |
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