Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area
There is a growing concern about human health of residents living in areas where mining and smelting occur. In order to understand the exposure to the potentially toxic elements (PTEs), we here identify and examine the cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202300048X |
| _version_ | 1828012610709094400 |
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| author | Lijun Dai Li Deng Weili Wang You Li Lingqing Wang Tao Liang Xiaoyong Liao Jinwoo Cho Christian Sonne Su Shiung Lam Jörg Rinklebe |
| author_facet | Lijun Dai Li Deng Weili Wang You Li Lingqing Wang Tao Liang Xiaoyong Liao Jinwoo Cho Christian Sonne Su Shiung Lam Jörg Rinklebe |
| author_sort | Lijun Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a growing concern about human health of residents living in areas where mining and smelting occur. In order to understand the exposure to the potentially toxic elements (PTEs), we here identify and examine the cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in scalp hair of residents living in the mining area (Bayan Obo, n = 76), smelting area (Baotou, n = 57) and a reference area (Hohhot, n = 61). In total, 194 hair samples were collected from the volunteers (men = 87, women = 107) aged 5–77 years old in the three areas. Comparing median PTEs levels between the young and adults, Ni levels were significantly higher in adults living in the smelting area while Cr was highest in adults from the mining area, no significant difference was found for any of the elements in the reference area. From the linear regression model, no significant relationship between PTEs concentration, log10(PTEs), and age was found. The concentrations of Ni, Cd, and Pb in hair were significantly lower in the reference area when compared to both mining and smelting areas. In addition, Cu was significantly higher in the mining area when compared to the smelting area. Factor analysis (FA) indicated that men and women from the smelting area (Baotou) and mining area (Bayan Obo), respectively, had different underlying communality of log10(PTEs), suggesting different sources of these PTEs. Multiple factor analysis quantilized the importance of gender and location when combined with PTEs levels in human hair. The results of this study indicate that people living in mining and/or smelting areas have significantly higher PTEs (Cu, Ni, Cd, and Pb) hair levels compared to reference areas, which may cause adverse health effects. Remediation should therefore be implemented to improve the health of local residents in the mining and smelting areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:34:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-85d3a73e6cb84aa2bc3da4d7a297072e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:34:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-85d3a73e6cb84aa2bc3da4d7a297072e2023-02-18T04:16:19ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202023-02-01172107775Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting areaLijun Dai0Li Deng1Weili Wang2You Li3Lingqing Wang4Tao Liang5Xiaoyong Liao6Jinwoo Cho7Christian Sonne8Su Shiung Lam9Jörg Rinklebe10Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaEcological Environment Planning and Environmental Protection Technology Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, ChinaKey Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, ChinaKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Ecological Environment Planning and Environmental Protection Technology Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Corresponding author at: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaDepartment of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, DenmarkHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IndiaUniversity of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaThere is a growing concern about human health of residents living in areas where mining and smelting occur. In order to understand the exposure to the potentially toxic elements (PTEs), we here identify and examine the cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in scalp hair of residents living in the mining area (Bayan Obo, n = 76), smelting area (Baotou, n = 57) and a reference area (Hohhot, n = 61). In total, 194 hair samples were collected from the volunteers (men = 87, women = 107) aged 5–77 years old in the three areas. Comparing median PTEs levels between the young and adults, Ni levels were significantly higher in adults living in the smelting area while Cr was highest in adults from the mining area, no significant difference was found for any of the elements in the reference area. From the linear regression model, no significant relationship between PTEs concentration, log10(PTEs), and age was found. The concentrations of Ni, Cd, and Pb in hair were significantly lower in the reference area when compared to both mining and smelting areas. In addition, Cu was significantly higher in the mining area when compared to the smelting area. Factor analysis (FA) indicated that men and women from the smelting area (Baotou) and mining area (Bayan Obo), respectively, had different underlying communality of log10(PTEs), suggesting different sources of these PTEs. Multiple factor analysis quantilized the importance of gender and location when combined with PTEs levels in human hair. The results of this study indicate that people living in mining and/or smelting areas have significantly higher PTEs (Cu, Ni, Cd, and Pb) hair levels compared to reference areas, which may cause adverse health effects. Remediation should therefore be implemented to improve the health of local residents in the mining and smelting areas.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202300048XPotentially toxic elementsHairMiningSmeltingExposureGender |
| spellingShingle | Lijun Dai Li Deng Weili Wang You Li Lingqing Wang Tao Liang Xiaoyong Liao Jinwoo Cho Christian Sonne Su Shiung Lam Jörg Rinklebe Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area Environment International Potentially toxic elements Hair Mining Smelting Exposure Gender |
| title | Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| title_full | Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| title_fullStr | Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| title_short | Potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around China’s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| title_sort | potentially toxic elements in human scalp hair around china s largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area |
| topic | Potentially toxic elements Hair Mining Smelting Exposure Gender |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202300048X |
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