Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation
A new super-long-range wave propagation technique was implemented at different High Frequency (HF) heating facilities. The HF waves radiated by a powerful heater were scattered into the ionospheric waveguide by the stimulated field aligned striations. This waveguide was formed in a valley region bet...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspas.2019.00012/full |
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| author | Yuri Yampolski Gennady Milikh Andriy Zalizovski Alexander Koloskov Alexander Koloskov Artem Reznichenko Eliana Nossa Eliana Nossa Paul A. Bernhardt Stan Briczinski Savely M. Grach Alexey Shindin Evgeny Sergeev |
| author_facet | Yuri Yampolski Gennady Milikh Andriy Zalizovski Alexander Koloskov Alexander Koloskov Artem Reznichenko Eliana Nossa Eliana Nossa Paul A. Bernhardt Stan Briczinski Savely M. Grach Alexey Shindin Evgeny Sergeev |
| author_sort | Yuri Yampolski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new super-long-range wave propagation technique was implemented at different High Frequency (HF) heating facilities. The HF waves radiated by a powerful heater were scattered into the ionospheric waveguide by the stimulated field aligned striations. This waveguide was formed in a valley region between the E- and F- layers of the ionosphere. The wave trapping and channeling provide super-long-range propagation of HF heater signals detected at the Ukrainian Antarctic Academik Vernadsky Station (UAS) which is many thousand kilometers away from the corresponding HF heating facility. This paper aims to study the excitation of the ionospheric waveguide due to the scattering of the HF heating wave by artificial field aligned irregularities. In addition, the probing of stimulated ionospheric irregularities can be obtained from analyses of the signals received at far distance from the HF heater. The paper uses a novel method of scattering of the HF radiation by the heating facility for diagnostics of non-linear effects at the super-long radio paths. Experiments were conducted at three different powerful HF facilities: EISCAT (Norway), HAARP (Alaska), and Arecibo (Puerto Rico) and by using different far spaced receiving sites. The key problems for super-long-range propagation regime is the feeding of ionospheric waveguide. Then the energy needs to exit from the waveguide at a specific location to be detected by the surface-based receiver. During our studies the waveguide feeding was provided by the scattering of HF waves by the artificial ionospheric turbulence (AIT) above the HF heater. An interesting opportunity for the channeling of the HF signals occurs due to the aspect scattering of radio waves by field aligned irregularities (FAI), when the scattering vector is parallel to the Earth surface. Such FAIs geometry takes place over the Arecibo facility. Here FAI are oriented along the geomagnetic field line inclined by 43 degrees. Since the Arecibo HF beam is vertical, the aspect scattered waves will be oriented almost horizontally toward the South. Such geometry provides unique opportunity to channel the radio wave energy into the ionospheric waveguide and excites the whispering gallery modes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:16:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-85df0bedaa044ea5ba27d59b309a6ef3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-987X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:16:10Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-85df0bedaa044ea5ba27d59b309a6ef32022-12-22T03:16:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences2296-987X2019-03-01610.3389/fspas.2019.00012440089Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF PropagationYuri Yampolski0Gennady Milikh1Andriy Zalizovski2Alexander Koloskov3Alexander Koloskov4Artem Reznichenko5Eliana Nossa6Eliana Nossa7Paul A. Bernhardt8Stan Briczinski9Savely M. Grach10Alexey Shindin11Evgeny Sergeev12Institute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, UkraineDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United StatesInstitute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, UkraineInstitute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, UkraineNational Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineInstitute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, UkraineNaval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United StatesArecibo Observatory, Arecibo, PR, United StatesNaval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United StatesNaval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United StatesDepartment of Radiophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaDepartment of Radiophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaDepartment of Radiophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaA new super-long-range wave propagation technique was implemented at different High Frequency (HF) heating facilities. The HF waves radiated by a powerful heater were scattered into the ionospheric waveguide by the stimulated field aligned striations. This waveguide was formed in a valley region between the E- and F- layers of the ionosphere. The wave trapping and channeling provide super-long-range propagation of HF heater signals detected at the Ukrainian Antarctic Academik Vernadsky Station (UAS) which is many thousand kilometers away from the corresponding HF heating facility. This paper aims to study the excitation of the ionospheric waveguide due to the scattering of the HF heating wave by artificial field aligned irregularities. In addition, the probing of stimulated ionospheric irregularities can be obtained from analyses of the signals received at far distance from the HF heater. The paper uses a novel method of scattering of the HF radiation by the heating facility for diagnostics of non-linear effects at the super-long radio paths. Experiments were conducted at three different powerful HF facilities: EISCAT (Norway), HAARP (Alaska), and Arecibo (Puerto Rico) and by using different far spaced receiving sites. The key problems for super-long-range propagation regime is the feeding of ionospheric waveguide. Then the energy needs to exit from the waveguide at a specific location to be detected by the surface-based receiver. During our studies the waveguide feeding was provided by the scattering of HF waves by the artificial ionospheric turbulence (AIT) above the HF heater. An interesting opportunity for the channeling of the HF signals occurs due to the aspect scattering of radio waves by field aligned irregularities (FAI), when the scattering vector is parallel to the Earth surface. Such FAIs geometry takes place over the Arecibo facility. Here FAI are oriented along the geomagnetic field line inclined by 43 degrees. Since the Arecibo HF beam is vertical, the aspect scattered waves will be oriented almost horizontally toward the South. Such geometry provides unique opportunity to channel the radio wave energy into the ionospheric waveguide and excites the whispering gallery modes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspas.2019.00012/fullartificial ionospheric turbulencevery-long-distance propagationwhisper galleryionospheric waveguideself-scattering |
| spellingShingle | Yuri Yampolski Gennady Milikh Andriy Zalizovski Alexander Koloskov Alexander Koloskov Artem Reznichenko Eliana Nossa Eliana Nossa Paul A. Bernhardt Stan Briczinski Savely M. Grach Alexey Shindin Evgeny Sergeev Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences artificial ionospheric turbulence very-long-distance propagation whisper gallery ionospheric waveguide self-scattering |
| title | Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation |
| title_full | Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation |
| title_fullStr | Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation |
| title_short | Ionospheric Non-linear Effects Observed During Very-Long-Distance HF Propagation |
| title_sort | ionospheric non linear effects observed during very long distance hf propagation |
| topic | artificial ionospheric turbulence very-long-distance propagation whisper gallery ionospheric waveguide self-scattering |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspas.2019.00012/full |
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