| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The clinical characteristics of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis </it>respiratory tract infections in Japanese neonates were investigated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Clinical, laboratory and microbiological characteristics of five infants with pneumonia due to <it>C. trachomatis </it>in early neonatal period were analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Only <it>C. trachomatis </it>was identified in 4 infants. Both <it>C. trachomatis </it>and cytomegalovirus was identified in one. Wheezing, tachypnea and cyanosis were common in infants. Mothers of five infants had negative chlamydial EIAs at 20 weeks of gestation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We identified five cases of <it>C. trachomatis </it>respiratory tract infections in early neonatal period with the possibility of intrauterine infection. Targeted screening, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of perinatal and neonatal chlamydial infections seems to be necessary</p>
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