The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland
Aims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the growing season. The resulting grape and wine qualities were also d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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International Viticulture and Enology Society
2018-12-01
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| Series: | OENO One |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/2181 |
| _version_ | 1831648951799906304 |
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| author | Vivian Zufferey Thibaut Verdenal Agnès Dienes Sandrine Belcher Fabrice Lorenzini Carole Koestel Katia Gindro Jorge E. Spangenberg Olivier Viret Jean-Laurent Spring |
| author_facet | Vivian Zufferey Thibaut Verdenal Agnès Dienes Sandrine Belcher Fabrice Lorenzini Carole Koestel Katia Gindro Jorge E. Spangenberg Olivier Viret Jean-Laurent Spring |
| author_sort | Vivian Zufferey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the growing season. The resulting grape and wine qualities were also determined.
Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chasselas (clone 14/33-4, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [the predawn leaf (. Leaf photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), vulnerability to cavitation, yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, and organoleptic quality of wines were analyzed over a period of eight consecutive years between 2009 and 2016, under the relatively dry conditions of the Canton of Wallis, Switzerland.
In non-irrigated vines, the progressively increasing water deficit observed over the season reduced the leaf gas exchange (A and E) and gs. The intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi, A/gs) increased over the season and was greater in vines that had suffered water restriction than in irrigated vines. The rise in WUEi was correlated with an increase in d13C in the must sugars at harvest. Vulnerability to cavitation (embolism phenomenon) increased with increasing water deficit in the non-irrigated vines with covered soils. A decrease in plant vigor was observed in the vines that had been subjected to water restrictions over multiple years. Moderate water stress during fruit ripening was favorable for sugar accumulation in berries and lowered the contents of total and malic acidity in the musts and the content of available nitrogen (YAN). Overall, the organoleptic characteristics and quality of Chasselas wines were little influenced by the vine water regimes, with the exception of the hot, dry season in 2009 (and, to a lesser degree, in 2011). In those years, the quality of the wines from the irrigated vines, which had not suffered any water stress, received a better appreciation. Bitterness was generally greater in samples from the non-irrigated vineyards that had suffered from drought than in samples from the irrigated vines. No significant differences in the aroma and wine structure were measured during the study period, regardless of the vine irrigation status.
Conclusions: The physiological behavior (gas exchange, plant vigor, and mineral supplies) and grape ripening in Chasselas vines were largely dependent on the water supply conditions in the vineyard during the growing season.
Significance and impact of the study: Vine water status is a key factor in leaf gas exchange, canopy water use efficiency, berry composition and, lastly, wine quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:41:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86093325376b48c9848351b8446b904c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2494-1271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:41:23Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | International Viticulture and Enology Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | OENO One |
| spelling | doaj.art-86093325376b48c9848351b8446b904c2022-12-21T20:17:04ZengInternational Viticulture and Enology SocietyOENO One2494-12712018-12-0152410.20870/oeno-one.2018.52.4.2181The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in SwitzerlandVivian Zufferey0Thibaut Verdenal1Agnès Dienes2Sandrine Belcher3Fabrice Lorenzini4Carole Koestel5Katia Gindro6Jorge E. Spangenberg7Olivier Viret8Jean-Laurent Spring9Agroscope, Institut des sciences en production végétale IPV, Groupe ViticultureAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonInstitute of Earth Surface Dynamics IDYST, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015Service de l’Agriculture et de la Viticulture (SAVI), Avenue de Marcelin 29, CH-1110 MorgesAgroscope, Swiss Agricultural Research Institute, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 NyonAims: The aim of this research was to study the physiological and agronomical behaviors (leaf gas exchange, plant vigor, mineral supply, and yield components) of the Chasselas grapevine subjected to different water regimes during the growing season. The resulting grape and wine qualities were also determined. Methods and results: Adult vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chasselas (clone 14/33-4, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (various levels of irrigation) during the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status [the predawn leaf (. Leaf photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), vulnerability to cavitation, yield parameters, berry composition at harvest, and organoleptic quality of wines were analyzed over a period of eight consecutive years between 2009 and 2016, under the relatively dry conditions of the Canton of Wallis, Switzerland. In non-irrigated vines, the progressively increasing water deficit observed over the season reduced the leaf gas exchange (A and E) and gs. The intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi, A/gs) increased over the season and was greater in vines that had suffered water restriction than in irrigated vines. The rise in WUEi was correlated with an increase in d13C in the must sugars at harvest. Vulnerability to cavitation (embolism phenomenon) increased with increasing water deficit in the non-irrigated vines with covered soils. A decrease in plant vigor was observed in the vines that had been subjected to water restrictions over multiple years. Moderate water stress during fruit ripening was favorable for sugar accumulation in berries and lowered the contents of total and malic acidity in the musts and the content of available nitrogen (YAN). Overall, the organoleptic characteristics and quality of Chasselas wines were little influenced by the vine water regimes, with the exception of the hot, dry season in 2009 (and, to a lesser degree, in 2011). In those years, the quality of the wines from the irrigated vines, which had not suffered any water stress, received a better appreciation. Bitterness was generally greater in samples from the non-irrigated vineyards that had suffered from drought than in samples from the irrigated vines. No significant differences in the aroma and wine structure were measured during the study period, regardless of the vine irrigation status. Conclusions: The physiological behavior (gas exchange, plant vigor, and mineral supplies) and grape ripening in Chasselas vines were largely dependent on the water supply conditions in the vineyard during the growing season. Significance and impact of the study: Vine water status is a key factor in leaf gas exchange, canopy water use efficiency, berry composition and, lastly, wine quality.https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/2181water stressgas exchangestomatal and hydraulic conductancewater use efficiency (WUE)carbon isotope compositionberry composition |
| spellingShingle | Vivian Zufferey Thibaut Verdenal Agnès Dienes Sandrine Belcher Fabrice Lorenzini Carole Koestel Katia Gindro Jorge E. Spangenberg Olivier Viret Jean-Laurent Spring The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland OENO One water stress gas exchange stomatal and hydraulic conductance water use efficiency (WUE) carbon isotope composition berry composition |
| title | The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland |
| title_full | The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland |
| title_fullStr | The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland |
| title_short | The impact of plant water status on the gas exchange, berry composition and wine quality of Chasselas grapes in Switzerland |
| title_sort | impact of plant water status on the gas exchange berry composition and wine quality of chasselas grapes in switzerland |
| topic | water stress gas exchange stomatal and hydraulic conductance water use efficiency (WUE) carbon isotope composition berry composition |
| url | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/2181 |
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