Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution
Marine vertical cable seismic (VCS) is a promising survey technique for submarine complex structure imaging and reservoir monitoring, which uses vertical arrays of hydrophones deployed near the seafloor to record seismic wavefields in a quiet environment. Recently, we developed a new type of distrib...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.751202/full |
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| author | Linfei Wang Linfei Wang Huaishan Liu Huaishan Liu Zhong Wang Jin Zhang Jin Zhang Lei Xing Lei Xing Yanxin Yin Yanxin Yin |
| author_facet | Linfei Wang Linfei Wang Huaishan Liu Huaishan Liu Zhong Wang Jin Zhang Jin Zhang Lei Xing Lei Xing Yanxin Yin Yanxin Yin |
| author_sort | Linfei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine vertical cable seismic (VCS) is a promising survey technique for submarine complex structure imaging and reservoir monitoring, which uses vertical arrays of hydrophones deployed near the seafloor to record seismic wavefields in a quiet environment. Recently, we developed a new type of distributed VCS system for exploration and development of natural gas hydrates preserved in shallow sediments under the seafloor. Using this system and air-gun sources, we accomplished a 3D VCS yield data acquisition for gas hydrates exploration in the Shenhu area, South China Sea. In view of the characteristics of VCS geometry, we implement reverse time migration (RTM) on a common receiver gather to obtain high-resolution images of marine sediments. Due to the unique acquisition method, it is asymmetrical for the reflection path between the sources and the receivers in the VCS survey. Therefore, we apply accurate velocity analysis to common scatter point (CSP) gathers generated from common receiver gathers instead of the conventional velocity analysis based on common depth point gathers. RTM with this reliable velocity model results in high-resolution images of submarine hydrate-bearing sediments in deep water conditions. The RTM imaging section clearly shows the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) and also the reflection characteristics of the hydrate-bearing sediments filled with consolidated hydrates. Moreover, its resolution is relative to that of acoustic logging curves from the nearby borehole, and this imaging section is well consistent with the synthetic seismogram trace generated by the logging data. All these results reveal that VCS is a great potential technology for exploration and production of marine natural gas hydrates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:38:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-860a19f6c70e49f6a08d0ff4603cf849 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-6463 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:38:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-860a19f6c70e49f6a08d0ff4603cf8492022-12-21T23:11:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632021-11-01910.3389/feart.2021.751202751202Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High ResolutionLinfei Wang0Linfei Wang1Huaishan Liu2Huaishan Liu3Zhong Wang4Jin Zhang5Jin Zhang6Lei Xing7Lei Xing8Yanxin Yin9Yanxin Yin10Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geo Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaKey Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geo Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaCollege of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaKey Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geo Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaKey Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geo Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaKey Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geo Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaMarine vertical cable seismic (VCS) is a promising survey technique for submarine complex structure imaging and reservoir monitoring, which uses vertical arrays of hydrophones deployed near the seafloor to record seismic wavefields in a quiet environment. Recently, we developed a new type of distributed VCS system for exploration and development of natural gas hydrates preserved in shallow sediments under the seafloor. Using this system and air-gun sources, we accomplished a 3D VCS yield data acquisition for gas hydrates exploration in the Shenhu area, South China Sea. In view of the characteristics of VCS geometry, we implement reverse time migration (RTM) on a common receiver gather to obtain high-resolution images of marine sediments. Due to the unique acquisition method, it is asymmetrical for the reflection path between the sources and the receivers in the VCS survey. Therefore, we apply accurate velocity analysis to common scatter point (CSP) gathers generated from common receiver gathers instead of the conventional velocity analysis based on common depth point gathers. RTM with this reliable velocity model results in high-resolution images of submarine hydrate-bearing sediments in deep water conditions. The RTM imaging section clearly shows the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) and also the reflection characteristics of the hydrate-bearing sediments filled with consolidated hydrates. Moreover, its resolution is relative to that of acoustic logging curves from the nearby borehole, and this imaging section is well consistent with the synthetic seismogram trace generated by the logging data. All these results reveal that VCS is a great potential technology for exploration and production of marine natural gas hydrates.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.751202/fullvertical cable seismic (VCS)natural gas hydratecommon scatter point gathersseismic imagingbottom simulating reflector (BSR) |
| spellingShingle | Linfei Wang Linfei Wang Huaishan Liu Huaishan Liu Zhong Wang Jin Zhang Jin Zhang Lei Xing Lei Xing Yanxin Yin Yanxin Yin Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution Frontiers in Earth Science vertical cable seismic (VCS) natural gas hydrate common scatter point gathers seismic imaging bottom simulating reflector (BSR) |
| title | Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution |
| title_full | Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution |
| title_fullStr | Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution |
| title_short | Reverse Time Migration of Vertical Cable Seismic Data to Image Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With High Resolution |
| title_sort | reverse time migration of vertical cable seismic data to image hydrate bearing sediments with high resolution |
| topic | vertical cable seismic (VCS) natural gas hydrate common scatter point gathers seismic imaging bottom simulating reflector (BSR) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.751202/full |
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