Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California
Abstract Ceratocystis canker caused by Ceratocystis destructans is a severe disease of almond, reducing the longevity and productivity of infected trees. Once the disease has established in an individual tree, there is no cure, and management efforts are often limited to removing the infected area o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41746-6 |
| _version_ | 1797453147590885376 |
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| author | Tawanda E. Maguvu Renaud Travadon Dario Cantu Florent P. Trouillas |
| author_facet | Tawanda E. Maguvu Renaud Travadon Dario Cantu Florent P. Trouillas |
| author_sort | Tawanda E. Maguvu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ceratocystis canker caused by Ceratocystis destructans is a severe disease of almond, reducing the longevity and productivity of infected trees. Once the disease has established in an individual tree, there is no cure, and management efforts are often limited to removing the infected area of cankers. In this study, we present the genome assemblies of five C. destructans isolates isolated from symptomatic almond trees. The genomes were assembled into a genome size of 27.2 ± 0.9 Mbp with an average of 6924 ± 135 protein-coding genes and an average GC content of 48.8 ± 0.02%. We concentrated our efforts on identifying putative virulence factors of canker pathogens. Analysis of the secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes showed that the genomes harbored 83.4 ± 1.8 secreted CAZymes. The secreted CAZymes covered all the known categories of CAZymes. AntiSMASH revealed that the genomes had at least 7 biosynthetic gene clusters, with one of the non-ribosomal peptide synthases encoding dimethylcoprogen, a conserved virulence determinant of plant pathogenic ascomycetes. From the predicted proteome, we also annotated cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and transporters, these are well-established virulence determinants of canker pathogens. Moreover, we managed to identify 57.4 ± 2.1 putative effector proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation was applied to compare gene content with two closely related species C. fimbriata, and C. albifundus. This study provides the first genome assemblies for C. destructans, expanding genomic resources for an important almond canker pathogen. The acquired knowledge provides a foundation for further advanced studies, such as molecular interactions with the host, which is critical for breeding for resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:18:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-861b028e83554be7b9c3a633d0d29e45 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:18:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-861b028e83554be7b9c3a633d0d29e452023-11-26T12:57:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-09-0113111310.1038/s41598-023-41746-6Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in CaliforniaTawanda E. Maguvu0Renaud Travadon1Dario Cantu2Florent P. Trouillas3Department of Plant Pathology, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of CaliforniaAbstract Ceratocystis canker caused by Ceratocystis destructans is a severe disease of almond, reducing the longevity and productivity of infected trees. Once the disease has established in an individual tree, there is no cure, and management efforts are often limited to removing the infected area of cankers. In this study, we present the genome assemblies of five C. destructans isolates isolated from symptomatic almond trees. The genomes were assembled into a genome size of 27.2 ± 0.9 Mbp with an average of 6924 ± 135 protein-coding genes and an average GC content of 48.8 ± 0.02%. We concentrated our efforts on identifying putative virulence factors of canker pathogens. Analysis of the secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes showed that the genomes harbored 83.4 ± 1.8 secreted CAZymes. The secreted CAZymes covered all the known categories of CAZymes. AntiSMASH revealed that the genomes had at least 7 biosynthetic gene clusters, with one of the non-ribosomal peptide synthases encoding dimethylcoprogen, a conserved virulence determinant of plant pathogenic ascomycetes. From the predicted proteome, we also annotated cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and transporters, these are well-established virulence determinants of canker pathogens. Moreover, we managed to identify 57.4 ± 2.1 putative effector proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation was applied to compare gene content with two closely related species C. fimbriata, and C. albifundus. This study provides the first genome assemblies for C. destructans, expanding genomic resources for an important almond canker pathogen. The acquired knowledge provides a foundation for further advanced studies, such as molecular interactions with the host, which is critical for breeding for resistance.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41746-6 |
| spellingShingle | Tawanda E. Maguvu Renaud Travadon Dario Cantu Florent P. Trouillas Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California Scientific Reports |
| title | Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California |
| title_full | Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California |
| title_fullStr | Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California |
| title_short | Whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of Ceratocystis destructans, the causal agent of Ceratocystis canker of almond in California |
| title_sort | whole genome sequencing and analysis of multiple isolates of ceratocystis destructans the causal agent of ceratocystis canker of almond in california |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41746-6 |
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