Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations
In Asia, much effort is put into reducing methane (CH _4 ) emissions due to the region’s contribution to the recent rapid global atmospheric CH _4 concentration growth. Accurate quantification of Asia’s CH _4 budgets is critical for conducting global stocktake and achieving the long-term temperature...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd352 |
| _version_ | 1827870437840781312 |
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| author | Fenjuan Wang Shamil Maksyutov Rajesh Janardanan Aki Tsuruta Akihiko Ito Isamu Morino Yukio Yoshida Yasunori Tohjima Johannes W Kaiser Greet Janssens-Maenhout Xin Lan Ivan Mammarella Jost V Lavric Tsuneo Matsunaga |
| author_facet | Fenjuan Wang Shamil Maksyutov Rajesh Janardanan Aki Tsuruta Akihiko Ito Isamu Morino Yukio Yoshida Yasunori Tohjima Johannes W Kaiser Greet Janssens-Maenhout Xin Lan Ivan Mammarella Jost V Lavric Tsuneo Matsunaga |
| author_sort | Fenjuan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Asia, much effort is put into reducing methane (CH _4 ) emissions due to the region’s contribution to the recent rapid global atmospheric CH _4 concentration growth. Accurate quantification of Asia’s CH _4 budgets is critical for conducting global stocktake and achieving the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. In this study, we present top-down estimates of CH _4 emissions from 2009 to 2018 deduced from atmospheric observations from surface network and GOSAT satellite with the high-resolution global inverse model NIES-TM-FLEXPART-VAR. The optimized average CH _4 budgets are 63.40 ± 10.52 Tg y ^−1 from East Asia (EA), 45.20 ± 6.22 Tg y ^−1 from Southeast Asia (SEA), and 64.35 ± 9.28 Tg y ^−1 from South Asia (SA) within the 10 years. We analyzed two 5 years CH _4 emission budgets for three subregions and 13 top-emitting countries with an emission budget larger than 1 Tg y ^−1 , and interannual variabilities for these subregions. Statistically significant increasing trends in emissions are found in EA with a lower emission growth rate during 2014–2018 compared to that during 2009–2013, while trends in SEA are not significant. In contrast to the prior emission, the posterior emission shows a significant decreasing trend in SA. The flux decrease is associated with the transition from strong La Ninña (2010–2011) to strong El Ninño (2015–2016) events, which modulate the surface air temperature and rainfall patterns. The interannual variability in CH _4 flux anomalies was larger in SA compared to EA and SEA. The Southern Oscillation Index correlates strongly with interannual CH _4 flux anomalies for SA. Our findings suggest that the interannual variability in the total CH _4 flux is dominated by climate variability in SA. The contribution of climate variability driving interannual variability in natural and anthropogenic CH _4 emissions should be further quantified, especially for tropical countries. Accounting for climate variability may be necessary to improve anthropogenic emission inventories. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:56:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-862383420f094f0c9e9f37712cbe0de1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1748-9326 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:56:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-862383420f094f0c9e9f37712cbe0de12023-08-09T14:52:32ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Letters1748-93262021-01-0116202404010.1088/1748-9326/abd352Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observationsFenjuan Wang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-6170Shamil Maksyutov1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1200-9577Rajesh Janardanan2Aki Tsuruta3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9197-3005Akihiko Ito4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5265-0791Isamu Morino5Yukio Yoshida6Yasunori Tohjima7Johannes W Kaiser8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3696-9123Greet Janssens-Maenhout9Xin Lan10Ivan Mammarella11Jost V Lavric12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-9078Tsuneo Matsunaga13National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, Japan; National Climate Center, CMA , Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanFinnish Meteorological Institute , Helsinki, FinlandNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanDeutscher Wetterdienst , Offenbach, GermanyEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre , Ispra, ItalyNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , Boulder, CO, United States of AmericaUniversity of Helsinki , Helsinki, FinlandMax Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry , Jena, GermanyNational Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanIn Asia, much effort is put into reducing methane (CH _4 ) emissions due to the region’s contribution to the recent rapid global atmospheric CH _4 concentration growth. Accurate quantification of Asia’s CH _4 budgets is critical for conducting global stocktake and achieving the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. In this study, we present top-down estimates of CH _4 emissions from 2009 to 2018 deduced from atmospheric observations from surface network and GOSAT satellite with the high-resolution global inverse model NIES-TM-FLEXPART-VAR. The optimized average CH _4 budgets are 63.40 ± 10.52 Tg y ^−1 from East Asia (EA), 45.20 ± 6.22 Tg y ^−1 from Southeast Asia (SEA), and 64.35 ± 9.28 Tg y ^−1 from South Asia (SA) within the 10 years. We analyzed two 5 years CH _4 emission budgets for three subregions and 13 top-emitting countries with an emission budget larger than 1 Tg y ^−1 , and interannual variabilities for these subregions. Statistically significant increasing trends in emissions are found in EA with a lower emission growth rate during 2014–2018 compared to that during 2009–2013, while trends in SEA are not significant. In contrast to the prior emission, the posterior emission shows a significant decreasing trend in SA. The flux decrease is associated with the transition from strong La Ninña (2010–2011) to strong El Ninño (2015–2016) events, which modulate the surface air temperature and rainfall patterns. The interannual variability in CH _4 flux anomalies was larger in SA compared to EA and SEA. The Southern Oscillation Index correlates strongly with interannual CH _4 flux anomalies for SA. Our findings suggest that the interannual variability in the total CH _4 flux is dominated by climate variability in SA. The contribution of climate variability driving interannual variability in natural and anthropogenic CH _4 emissions should be further quantified, especially for tropical countries. Accounting for climate variability may be necessary to improve anthropogenic emission inventories.https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd352methane budgetsmonsoon Asiahigh-resolution inverse modelGOSATSouthern Oscillation Index (SOI) |
| spellingShingle | Fenjuan Wang Shamil Maksyutov Rajesh Janardanan Aki Tsuruta Akihiko Ito Isamu Morino Yukio Yoshida Yasunori Tohjima Johannes W Kaiser Greet Janssens-Maenhout Xin Lan Ivan Mammarella Jost V Lavric Tsuneo Matsunaga Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations Environmental Research Letters methane budgets monsoon Asia high-resolution inverse model GOSAT Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) |
| title | Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations |
| title_full | Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations |
| title_fullStr | Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations |
| title_short | Interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon Asia derived from GOSAT and surface observations |
| title_sort | interannual variability on methane emissions in monsoon asia derived from gosat and surface observations |
| topic | methane budgets monsoon Asia high-resolution inverse model GOSAT Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd352 |
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