Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water
The context of this study responds to the need for sorbent technology development to address the controlled removal of inorganic sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) from saline water and the promising potential of chitosan as a carrier system for organosulfates in pharmaceu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7130 |
| _version_ | 1797552428434849792 |
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| author | Bernd G. K. Steiger Lee D. Wilson |
| author_facet | Bernd G. K. Steiger Lee D. Wilson |
| author_sort | Bernd G. K. Steiger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The context of this study responds to the need for sorbent technology development to address the controlled removal of inorganic sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) from saline water and the promising potential of chitosan as a carrier system for organosulfates in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. This study aims to address the controlled removal of sulfate using chitosan as a sustainable biopolymer platform, where a modular synthetic approach was used for chitosan bead preparation that displays tunable sulfate uptake. The beads were prepared via phase-inversion synthesis, followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, and impregnation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions. The sulfate adsorption properties of the beads were studied at pH 5 and variable sulfate levels (50–1000 ppm), where beads with low cross-linking showed moderate sulfate uptake (35 mg/g), while cross-linked beads imbibed with Ca<sup>2+</sup> had greater sulfate adsorption (140 mg/g). Bead stability, adsorption properties, and the point-of-zero charge (PZC) from 6.5 to 6.8 were found to depend on the cross-linking ratio and the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup>. The beads were regenerated over multiple adsorption-desorption cycles to demonstrate the favorable uptake properties and bead stability. This study contributes to the development of chitosan-based adsorbent technology via a modular materials design strategy for the controlled removal of sulfate. The results of this study are relevant to diverse pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications that range from the controlled removal of dextran sulfate from water to the controlled release of chondroitin sulfate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-863ecc1547ed4934a924c6948deb6e97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-863ecc1547ed4934a924c6948deb6e972023-11-20T15:18:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-09-012119713010.3390/ijms21197130Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from WaterBernd G. K. Steiger0Lee D. Wilson1Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, CanadaThe context of this study responds to the need for sorbent technology development to address the controlled removal of inorganic sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) from saline water and the promising potential of chitosan as a carrier system for organosulfates in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. This study aims to address the controlled removal of sulfate using chitosan as a sustainable biopolymer platform, where a modular synthetic approach was used for chitosan bead preparation that displays tunable sulfate uptake. The beads were prepared via phase-inversion synthesis, followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, and impregnation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions. The sulfate adsorption properties of the beads were studied at pH 5 and variable sulfate levels (50–1000 ppm), where beads with low cross-linking showed moderate sulfate uptake (35 mg/g), while cross-linked beads imbibed with Ca<sup>2+</sup> had greater sulfate adsorption (140 mg/g). Bead stability, adsorption properties, and the point-of-zero charge (PZC) from 6.5 to 6.8 were found to depend on the cross-linking ratio and the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup>. The beads were regenerated over multiple adsorption-desorption cycles to demonstrate the favorable uptake properties and bead stability. This study contributes to the development of chitosan-based adsorbent technology via a modular materials design strategy for the controlled removal of sulfate. The results of this study are relevant to diverse pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications that range from the controlled removal of dextran sulfate from water to the controlled release of chondroitin sulfate.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7130adsorptionchitosan beadssulfatesurface modificationcalcium imbibingcross-linking |
| spellingShingle | Bernd G. K. Steiger Lee D. Wilson Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water International Journal of Molecular Sciences adsorption chitosan beads sulfate surface modification calcium imbibing cross-linking |
| title | Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water |
| title_full | Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water |
| title_fullStr | Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water |
| title_short | Modular Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Tunable Uptake of Sulfate from Water |
| title_sort | modular chitosan based adsorbents for tunable uptake of sulfate from water |
| topic | adsorption chitosan beads sulfate surface modification calcium imbibing cross-linking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7130 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT berndgksteiger modularchitosanbasedadsorbentsfortunableuptakeofsulfatefromwater AT leedwilson modularchitosanbasedadsorbentsfortunableuptakeofsulfatefromwater |