Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation
BackgroundInfections cause high mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The expressions of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) and monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) provide direct evidence of immune status and can be used to evaluate the severity of infection. However, the intensities of nCD64 and mHLA-DR det...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063957/full |
| _version_ | 1811216026282491904 |
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| author | Bo Peng Bo Peng Min Yang Min Yang Quan Zhuang Quan Zhuang Junhui Li Junhui Li Pengpeng Zhang Pengpeng Zhang Hong Liu Hong Liu Ke Cheng Ke Cheng Yingzi Ming Yingzi Ming |
| author_facet | Bo Peng Bo Peng Min Yang Min Yang Quan Zhuang Quan Zhuang Junhui Li Junhui Li Pengpeng Zhang Pengpeng Zhang Hong Liu Hong Liu Ke Cheng Ke Cheng Yingzi Ming Yingzi Ming |
| author_sort | Bo Peng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInfections cause high mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The expressions of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) and monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) provide direct evidence of immune status and can be used to evaluate the severity of infection. However, the intensities of nCD64 and mHLA-DR detected by flow cytometry (FCM) are commonly measured by mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs), which are relative values, thus limiting their application. We aimed to standardize nCD64 and mHLA-DR expression using molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome (MESF) and to explore their role in immune monitoring for KTRs with infection.MethodsThe study included 50 KTRs diagnosed with infection, 65 immunologically stable KTRs and 26 healthy controls. The blood samples were collected and measured simultaneously by four FCM protocols at different flow cytometers. The MFIs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR were converted into MESF by Phycoerythrin (PE) Fluorescence Quantitation Kit. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the reliability between the four FCM protocols. MESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR, nCD64 index and sepsis index (SI) with the TBNK panel were used to evaluate the immune status. Comparisons among multiple groups were performed with ANOVA one-way analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to diagnose infection or sepsis. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis examined associations of the immune status with infection.ResultsMESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR measured by four protocols had excellent reliability (ICCs 0.993 and 0.957, respectively). The nCD64, CD64 index and SI in infection group were significantly higher than those of stable KTRs group. Patients with sepsis had lower mHLA-DR but higher SI than non-sepsis patients. ROC analysis indicated that nCD64 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for infection, and that mHLA-DR had the highest AUC for sepsis. Logistic analysis indicated that nCD64 > 3089 and B cells counts were independent risk factors for infection.ConclusionThe standardization of nCD64 and mHLA-DR made it available for widespread application. MESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR had good diagnostic performance on infection and sepsis, respectively, which could be promising indicators for immune status of KTRs and contributed to individualized treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:32:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-864bf702d280455fa743063f74ff232f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:32:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-864bf702d280455fa743063f74ff232f2022-12-22T03:43:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-11-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.10639571063957Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantationBo Peng0Bo Peng1Min Yang2Min Yang3Quan Zhuang4Quan Zhuang5Junhui Li6Junhui Li7Pengpeng Zhang8Pengpeng Zhang9Hong Liu10Hong Liu11Ke Cheng12Ke Cheng13Yingzi Ming14Yingzi Ming15Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaTransplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaEngineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, ChinaBackgroundInfections cause high mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The expressions of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) and monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) provide direct evidence of immune status and can be used to evaluate the severity of infection. However, the intensities of nCD64 and mHLA-DR detected by flow cytometry (FCM) are commonly measured by mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs), which are relative values, thus limiting their application. We aimed to standardize nCD64 and mHLA-DR expression using molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome (MESF) and to explore their role in immune monitoring for KTRs with infection.MethodsThe study included 50 KTRs diagnosed with infection, 65 immunologically stable KTRs and 26 healthy controls. The blood samples were collected and measured simultaneously by four FCM protocols at different flow cytometers. The MFIs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR were converted into MESF by Phycoerythrin (PE) Fluorescence Quantitation Kit. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the reliability between the four FCM protocols. MESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR, nCD64 index and sepsis index (SI) with the TBNK panel were used to evaluate the immune status. Comparisons among multiple groups were performed with ANOVA one-way analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to diagnose infection or sepsis. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis examined associations of the immune status with infection.ResultsMESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR measured by four protocols had excellent reliability (ICCs 0.993 and 0.957, respectively). The nCD64, CD64 index and SI in infection group were significantly higher than those of stable KTRs group. Patients with sepsis had lower mHLA-DR but higher SI than non-sepsis patients. ROC analysis indicated that nCD64 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for infection, and that mHLA-DR had the highest AUC for sepsis. Logistic analysis indicated that nCD64 > 3089 and B cells counts were independent risk factors for infection.ConclusionThe standardization of nCD64 and mHLA-DR made it available for widespread application. MESFs of nCD64 and mHLA-DR had good diagnostic performance on infection and sepsis, respectively, which could be promising indicators for immune status of KTRs and contributed to individualized treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063957/fullnCD64mHLA-DR expressioninfectionsepsiskidney transplantationimmune monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Bo Peng Bo Peng Min Yang Min Yang Quan Zhuang Quan Zhuang Junhui Li Junhui Li Pengpeng Zhang Pengpeng Zhang Hong Liu Hong Liu Ke Cheng Ke Cheng Yingzi Ming Yingzi Ming Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation Frontiers in Immunology nCD64 mHLA-DR expression infection sepsis kidney transplantation immune monitoring |
| title | Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| title_full | Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| title_fullStr | Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| title_short | Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| title_sort | standardization of neutrophil cd64 and monocyte hla dr measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation |
| topic | nCD64 mHLA-DR expression infection sepsis kidney transplantation immune monitoring |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063957/full |
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