Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i>
The respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), as the key producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in plant development. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis was performed on 22 plant species, and 181 RBOH homologues were identified. A typical RBOH family was identified o...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| author | Haiyang Zhang Xu Wang An Yan Jie Deng Yanping Xie Shiyuan Liu Debin Liu Lin He Jianfeng Weng Jingyu Xu |
| author_facet | Haiyang Zhang Xu Wang An Yan Jie Deng Yanping Xie Shiyuan Liu Debin Liu Lin He Jianfeng Weng Jingyu Xu |
| author_sort | Haiyang Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), as the key producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in plant development. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis was performed on 22 plant species, and 181 RBOH homologues were identified. A typical RBOH family was identified only in terrestrial plants, and the number of RBOHs increased from non-angiosperms to angiosperms. Whole genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication played a key role in RBOH gene family expansion. Amino acid numbers of 181 RBOHs ranged from 98 to 1461, and the encoded proteins had molecular weights from 11.1 to 163.6 kDa, respectively. All plant RBOHs contained a conserved NADPH_Ox domain, while some of them lacked the FAD_binding_8 domain. Plant RBOHs were classified into five main subgroups by phylogenetic analysis. Most RBOH members in the same subgroup showed conservation in both motif distribution and gene structure composition. Fifteen <i>ZmRBOHs</i> were identified in maize genome and were positioned in eight maize chromosomes. A total of three pairs of orthologous genes were found in maize, including <i>ZmRBOH6</i>/<i>ZmRBOH8</i>, <i>ZmRBOH4</i>/<i>ZmRBOH10</i> and <i>ZmRBOH15</i>/<i>ZmRBOH2</i>. A Ka/Ks calculation confirmed that purifying selection was the main driving force in their evolution. ZmRBOHs had typical conserved domains and similar protein structures. <i>cis</i>-element analyses together with the expression profiles of the <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes in various tissues and stages of development suggested that ZmRBOH was involved in distinct biological processes and stress responses. Based on the RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analysis, the transcriptional response of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes was examined under various abiotic stresses, and most of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes were up-regulated by cold stress. These findings provide valuable information for further revealing the biological roles of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes in plant development and abiotic stress responses. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-86502ccf9a564deab013e7de52a13bbd2023-11-16T21:06:02ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244385810.3390/ijms24043858Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i>Haiyang Zhang0Xu Wang1An Yan2Jie Deng3Yanping Xie4Shiyuan Liu5Debin Liu6Lin He7Jianfeng Weng8Jingyu Xu9College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaInstitute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, ChinaThe respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), as the key producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in plant development. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis was performed on 22 plant species, and 181 RBOH homologues were identified. A typical RBOH family was identified only in terrestrial plants, and the number of RBOHs increased from non-angiosperms to angiosperms. Whole genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication played a key role in RBOH gene family expansion. Amino acid numbers of 181 RBOHs ranged from 98 to 1461, and the encoded proteins had molecular weights from 11.1 to 163.6 kDa, respectively. All plant RBOHs contained a conserved NADPH_Ox domain, while some of them lacked the FAD_binding_8 domain. Plant RBOHs were classified into five main subgroups by phylogenetic analysis. Most RBOH members in the same subgroup showed conservation in both motif distribution and gene structure composition. Fifteen <i>ZmRBOHs</i> were identified in maize genome and were positioned in eight maize chromosomes. A total of three pairs of orthologous genes were found in maize, including <i>ZmRBOH6</i>/<i>ZmRBOH8</i>, <i>ZmRBOH4</i>/<i>ZmRBOH10</i> and <i>ZmRBOH15</i>/<i>ZmRBOH2</i>. A Ka/Ks calculation confirmed that purifying selection was the main driving force in their evolution. ZmRBOHs had typical conserved domains and similar protein structures. <i>cis</i>-element analyses together with the expression profiles of the <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes in various tissues and stages of development suggested that ZmRBOH was involved in distinct biological processes and stress responses. Based on the RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analysis, the transcriptional response of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes was examined under various abiotic stresses, and most of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes were up-regulated by cold stress. These findings provide valuable information for further revealing the biological roles of <i>ZmRBOH</i> genes in plant development and abiotic stress responses.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3858NADPH oxidase (RBOH)evolutionary analysisexpression profilesmaize (<i>Zea mays</i>) |
| spellingShingle | Haiyang Zhang Xu Wang An Yan Jie Deng Yanping Xie Shiyuan Liu Debin Liu Lin He Jianfeng Weng Jingyu Xu Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences NADPH oxidase (RBOH) evolutionary analysis expression profiles maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) |
| title | Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> |
| title_full | Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> |
| title_short | Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of <i>ZmRBOHs</i> |
| title_sort | evolutionary analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog rboh genes in plants and characterization of i zmrbohs i |
| topic | NADPH oxidase (RBOH) evolutionary analysis expression profiles maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3858 |
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