Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy
Oncolytic reovirus preferentially targets and kills cancer cells via the process of oncolysis, and additionally drives clinically favorable antitumor T cell responses that form protective immunological memory against cancer relapse. This two-prong attack by reovirus on cancers constitutes the founda...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/654 |
| _version_ | 1797538132970700800 |
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| author | Vishnupriyan Kumar Michael A. Giacomantonio Shashi Gujar |
| author_facet | Vishnupriyan Kumar Michael A. Giacomantonio Shashi Gujar |
| author_sort | Vishnupriyan Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oncolytic reovirus preferentially targets and kills cancer cells via the process of oncolysis, and additionally drives clinically favorable antitumor T cell responses that form protective immunological memory against cancer relapse. This two-prong attack by reovirus on cancers constitutes the foundation of its use as an anticancer oncolytic agent. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these reovirus-driven antitumor effects is influenced by the highly suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, the myeloid cell populations (e.g., myeloid-derived suppressive cells and tumor-associated macrophages) of highly immunosuppressive capacities within the TME not only affect oncolysis but also actively impair the functioning of reovirus-driven antitumor T cell immunity. Thus, myeloid cells within the TME play a critical role during the virotherapy, which, if properly understood, can identify novel therapeutic combination strategies potentiating the therapeutic efficacy of reovirus-based cancer therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-865d082bae704edeac622f8804325a73 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-865d082bae704edeac622f8804325a732023-11-21T14:59:20ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-04-0113465410.3390/v13040654Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer TherapyVishnupriyan Kumar0Michael A. Giacomantonio1Shashi Gujar2Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaOncolytic reovirus preferentially targets and kills cancer cells via the process of oncolysis, and additionally drives clinically favorable antitumor T cell responses that form protective immunological memory against cancer relapse. This two-prong attack by reovirus on cancers constitutes the foundation of its use as an anticancer oncolytic agent. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these reovirus-driven antitumor effects is influenced by the highly suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, the myeloid cell populations (e.g., myeloid-derived suppressive cells and tumor-associated macrophages) of highly immunosuppressive capacities within the TME not only affect oncolysis but also actively impair the functioning of reovirus-driven antitumor T cell immunity. Thus, myeloid cells within the TME play a critical role during the virotherapy, which, if properly understood, can identify novel therapeutic combination strategies potentiating the therapeutic efficacy of reovirus-based cancer therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/654reovirusoncolytic virusmyeloid cell plasticitytumor-associated macrophagesmyeloid-derived suppressor cellstumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Vishnupriyan Kumar Michael A. Giacomantonio Shashi Gujar Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy Viruses reovirus oncolytic virus myeloid cell plasticity tumor-associated macrophages myeloid-derived suppressor cells tumor microenvironment |
| title | Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy |
| title_full | Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy |
| title_short | Role of Myeloid Cells in Oncolytic Reovirus-Based Cancer Therapy |
| title_sort | role of myeloid cells in oncolytic reovirus based cancer therapy |
| topic | reovirus oncolytic virus myeloid cell plasticity tumor-associated macrophages myeloid-derived suppressor cells tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/654 |
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