Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress
Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent a key mechanism in the thermal adaptation of the honeybee <i>Apis mellifera</i>. In this study, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and qPCR were employed to explore the changes in the methylation states of H3K4m2, H3K4m3, H3K27...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/1/33 |
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| author | Ahmad A. Alghamdi Yehya Z. Alattal |
| author_facet | Ahmad A. Alghamdi Yehya Z. Alattal |
| author_sort | Ahmad A. Alghamdi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent a key mechanism in the thermal adaptation of the honeybee <i>Apis mellifera</i>. In this study, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and qPCR were employed to explore the changes in the methylation states of H3K4m2, H3K4m3, H3K27m2 and H3K27m3 associated with <i>l2efl</i> (ID: 72474, 724405, 724488), histone methyltransferases (HMTs) ((<i>trx</i>) and <i>PR-set7</i>) and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and (<i>Su</i>(<i>z</i>)<i>12</i>) genes in <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> (tolerant subspecies) and <i>A. m. carnica</i> (susceptible subspecies) in response to heat treatment (42 °C for 1 h). The results revealed significant enrichment fold changes in the methylation/demethylation of most H3K4 and H3K27 marks at all targeted genes. These changes increased the profusion of <i>l2efl</i> (ID: 72474, 724405, 724488), histone methyltransferases (HMTs) (<i>trx)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and <i>Su(z)12</i> and decreased the profusion of HMT (<i>PR-set7</i>) in both honeybee subspecies. The changes in the methylation enrichment folds of histone methyltransferases (HMTs) ((<i>trx), PR-set)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>), <i>Su(z)12</i> genes demonstrate the well-harmonized coordination of epigenetic gene regulation in response to heat treatment. Compared to the control, the changes in the methylation enrichment folds of H3K4m3 at Polycomb <i>Su(z)12</i> were about 30× and 100× higher in treated <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> and <i>A.m. carnica,</i> respectively. Similarly, changes in the methylation/demethylation enrichment folds of HMT (<i>trx)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and <i>Su(z)12</i> were 2–3× higher in <i>A. m. carnica</i> than in <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> after treatment (42 °C). It is evident that post-translational chromatin modification in both honeybee subspecies can diminish heat stress impact by (I) increasing the transcriptional provision of <i>l2efl</i> associated with survival and (II) increasing the silencing of genes associated with general cellular activities. |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-866ea88b844e4c8a9d281581d0f989ff2024-01-26T17:04:12ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-01-011513310.3390/insects15010033Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat StressAhmad A. Alghamdi0Yehya Z. Alattal1Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Engineer Abdullah Ahmad Bagshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Plant Protection, Chair of Engineer Abdullah Ahmad Bagshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaHistone post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent a key mechanism in the thermal adaptation of the honeybee <i>Apis mellifera</i>. In this study, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and qPCR were employed to explore the changes in the methylation states of H3K4m2, H3K4m3, H3K27m2 and H3K27m3 associated with <i>l2efl</i> (ID: 72474, 724405, 724488), histone methyltransferases (HMTs) ((<i>trx</i>) and <i>PR-set7</i>) and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and (<i>Su</i>(<i>z</i>)<i>12</i>) genes in <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> (tolerant subspecies) and <i>A. m. carnica</i> (susceptible subspecies) in response to heat treatment (42 °C for 1 h). The results revealed significant enrichment fold changes in the methylation/demethylation of most H3K4 and H3K27 marks at all targeted genes. These changes increased the profusion of <i>l2efl</i> (ID: 72474, 724405, 724488), histone methyltransferases (HMTs) (<i>trx)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and <i>Su(z)12</i> and decreased the profusion of HMT (<i>PR-set7</i>) in both honeybee subspecies. The changes in the methylation enrichment folds of histone methyltransferases (HMTs) ((<i>trx), PR-set)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>), <i>Su(z)12</i> genes demonstrate the well-harmonized coordination of epigenetic gene regulation in response to heat treatment. Compared to the control, the changes in the methylation enrichment folds of H3K4m3 at Polycomb <i>Su(z)12</i> were about 30× and 100× higher in treated <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> and <i>A.m. carnica,</i> respectively. Similarly, changes in the methylation/demethylation enrichment folds of HMT (<i>trx)</i> and Polycomb (<i>Pc</i>) and <i>Su(z)12</i> were 2–3× higher in <i>A. m. carnica</i> than in <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> after treatment (42 °C). It is evident that post-translational chromatin modification in both honeybee subspecies can diminish heat stress impact by (I) increasing the transcriptional provision of <i>l2efl</i> associated with survival and (II) increasing the silencing of genes associated with general cellular activities.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/1/33<i>A. m. jemenitica</i><i>A. m. carnica</i>ChIP<i>l2efl</i>histone methylationepigenetic |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad A. Alghamdi Yehya Z. Alattal Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress Insects <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> <i>A. m. carnica</i> ChIP <i>l2efl</i> histone methylation epigenetic |
| title | Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress |
| title_full | Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress |
| title_fullStr | Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress |
| title_short | Alterations in Histone Methylation States Increased Profusion of <i>Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life-Like (l(2)elf)</i>, Trithorax and Polycomb Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i> under Heat Stress |
| title_sort | alterations in histone methylation states increased profusion of i lethal 2 essential for life like l 2 elf i trithorax and polycomb genes in i apis mellifera i under heat stress |
| topic | <i>A. m. jemenitica</i> <i>A. m. carnica</i> ChIP <i>l2efl</i> histone methylation epigenetic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/1/33 |
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