Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues
The intranasal route of drug administration offers an opportunity to bypass the blood–brain barrier and deliver compounds directly into the brain. Scientific evidence exists for medicinal plants (e.g., <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Mesembryanthemum tortuosum</i>) to treat c...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1423 |
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| author | Anja Haasbroek-Pheiffer Alvaro Viljoen Jan Steenekamp Weiyang Chen Josias Hamman |
| author_facet | Anja Haasbroek-Pheiffer Alvaro Viljoen Jan Steenekamp Weiyang Chen Josias Hamman |
| author_sort | Anja Haasbroek-Pheiffer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The intranasal route of drug administration offers an opportunity to bypass the blood–brain barrier and deliver compounds directly into the brain. Scientific evidence exists for medicinal plants (e.g., <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Mesembryanthemum tortuosum</i>) to treat central nervous system conditions such as anxiety and depression. The ex vivo permeation of selected phytochemicals (i.e., asiaticoside and mesembrine) has been measured across excised sheep nasal respiratory and olfactory tissue. Permeation studies were conducted on individual phytochemicals and <i>C. asiatica</i> and <i>M. tortuosum</i> crude extracts. Asiaticoside exhibited statistically significantly higher permeation across both tissues when applied alone as compared to the <i>C. asiatica</i> crude extract, while mesembrine permeation was similar when applied alone or as <i>M. tortuosum</i> crude extract. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar or slightly higher than that of the drug atenolol across the respiratory tissue. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar to or slightly lower than that of atenolol across the olfactory tissue. In general, the permeation was higher across the olfactory epithelial tissue than across the respiratory epithelial tissue and therefore showed potential for direct nose-to-brain delivery of the selected psychoactive phytochemicals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:24:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-867d36b9dd0e459a9282d174e59bfffa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:24:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-867d36b9dd0e459a9282d174e59bfffa2023-11-18T02:51:23ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-05-01155142310.3390/pharmaceutics15051423Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial TissuesAnja Haasbroek-Pheiffer0Alvaro Viljoen1Jan Steenekamp2Weiyang Chen3Josias Hamman4Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaCentre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaSAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaThe intranasal route of drug administration offers an opportunity to bypass the blood–brain barrier and deliver compounds directly into the brain. Scientific evidence exists for medicinal plants (e.g., <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Mesembryanthemum tortuosum</i>) to treat central nervous system conditions such as anxiety and depression. The ex vivo permeation of selected phytochemicals (i.e., asiaticoside and mesembrine) has been measured across excised sheep nasal respiratory and olfactory tissue. Permeation studies were conducted on individual phytochemicals and <i>C. asiatica</i> and <i>M. tortuosum</i> crude extracts. Asiaticoside exhibited statistically significantly higher permeation across both tissues when applied alone as compared to the <i>C. asiatica</i> crude extract, while mesembrine permeation was similar when applied alone or as <i>M. tortuosum</i> crude extract. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar or slightly higher than that of the drug atenolol across the respiratory tissue. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar to or slightly lower than that of atenolol across the olfactory tissue. In general, the permeation was higher across the olfactory epithelial tissue than across the respiratory epithelial tissue and therefore showed potential for direct nose-to-brain delivery of the selected psychoactive phytochemicals.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1423intranasal drug administrationex vivo permeationnose-to-brain drug deliveryexcised sheep nasal tissue<i>Centella asiatica</i>asiaticoside |
| spellingShingle | Anja Haasbroek-Pheiffer Alvaro Viljoen Jan Steenekamp Weiyang Chen Josias Hamman Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues Pharmaceutics intranasal drug administration ex vivo permeation nose-to-brain drug delivery excised sheep nasal tissue <i>Centella asiatica</i> asiaticoside |
| title | Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues |
| title_full | Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues |
| title_fullStr | Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues |
| title_full_unstemmed | Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues |
| title_short | Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues |
| title_sort | permeation of phytochemicals of selected psychoactive medicinal plants across excised sheep respiratory and olfactory epithelial tissues |
| topic | intranasal drug administration ex vivo permeation nose-to-brain drug delivery excised sheep nasal tissue <i>Centella asiatica</i> asiaticoside |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1423 |
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