Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode
Lithium-ion capacitors (LiC) are promising hybrid devices bridging the gap between batteries and supercapacitors by offering simultaneous high specific power and specific energy. However, an indispensable critical component in LiC is the capacitive cathode for high power. Activated carbon (AC) is ty...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/11/533 |
| _version_ | 1797460194452570112 |
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| author | Obinna Egwu Eleri Fengliu Lou Zhixin Yu |
| author_facet | Obinna Egwu Eleri Fengliu Lou Zhixin Yu |
| author_sort | Obinna Egwu Eleri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium-ion capacitors (LiC) are promising hybrid devices bridging the gap between batteries and supercapacitors by offering simultaneous high specific power and specific energy. However, an indispensable critical component in LiC is the capacitive cathode for high power. Activated carbon (AC) is typically the cathode material due to its low cost, abundant raw material for production, sustainability, easily tunable properties, and scalability. However, compared to conventional battery-type cathodes, the low capacity of AC remains a limiting factor for improving the specific energy of LiC to match the battery counterparts. This review discusses recent approaches for achieving high-performance LiC, focusing on the AC cathode. The strategies are discussed with respect to active material property modifications, electrodes, electrolytes, and cell design techniques which have improved the AC’s capacity/capacitance, operating potential window, and electrochemical stability. Potential strategies and pathways for improved performance of the AC are pinpointed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:01:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-867fb955d1f74f0d9acf7833207c58ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:01:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-867fb955d1f74f0d9acf7833207c58ab2023-11-24T14:29:06ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052023-10-0191153310.3390/batteries9110533Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon CathodeObinna Egwu Eleri0Fengliu Lou1Zhixin Yu2Department of Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, NorwayBeyonder AS, Stokkamyrveien 30, 4313 Sandnes, NorwayDepartment of Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, NorwayLithium-ion capacitors (LiC) are promising hybrid devices bridging the gap between batteries and supercapacitors by offering simultaneous high specific power and specific energy. However, an indispensable critical component in LiC is the capacitive cathode for high power. Activated carbon (AC) is typically the cathode material due to its low cost, abundant raw material for production, sustainability, easily tunable properties, and scalability. However, compared to conventional battery-type cathodes, the low capacity of AC remains a limiting factor for improving the specific energy of LiC to match the battery counterparts. This review discusses recent approaches for achieving high-performance LiC, focusing on the AC cathode. The strategies are discussed with respect to active material property modifications, electrodes, electrolytes, and cell design techniques which have improved the AC’s capacity/capacitance, operating potential window, and electrochemical stability. Potential strategies and pathways for improved performance of the AC are pinpointed.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/11/533activated carbonlithium-ion capacitorshigh energy densityhigh power density and long cycle life |
| spellingShingle | Obinna Egwu Eleri Fengliu Lou Zhixin Yu Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode Batteries activated carbon lithium-ion capacitors high energy density high power density and long cycle life |
| title | Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode |
| title_full | Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode |
| title_fullStr | Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode |
| title_short | Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review of Strategies toward Enhancing the Performance of the Activated Carbon Cathode |
| title_sort | lithium ion capacitors a review of strategies toward enhancing the performance of the activated carbon cathode |
| topic | activated carbon lithium-ion capacitors high energy density high power density and long cycle life |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/11/533 |
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