Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status
Modern agriculture systems are copiously dependent on agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides intended to increase crop production and yield. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals not only affects the growth of plants due to the accumulation of toxic compounds, but also degrade...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/1/12 |
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| author | Menka Kumari Preeti Swarupa Kavindra Kumar Kesari Anil Kumar |
| author_facet | Menka Kumari Preeti Swarupa Kavindra Kumar Kesari Anil Kumar |
| author_sort | Menka Kumari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modern agriculture systems are copiously dependent on agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides intended to increase crop production and yield. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals not only affects the growth of plants due to the accumulation of toxic compounds, but also degrades the quality and life-supporting properties of soil. There is a dire need to develop some green approach that can resolve these issues and restore soil fertility and sustainability. The use of plant biostimulants has emerged as an environmentally friendly and acceptable method to increase crop productivity. Biostimulants contain biological substances which may be capable of increasing or stimulating plant growth in an eco-friendly manner. They are mostly biofertilizers that provide nutrients and protect plants from environmental stresses such as drought and salinity. In contrast to the protection of crop products, biostimulants not only act on the plant’s vigor but also do not respond to direct actions against pests or diseases. Plant biostimulants improve nutrient mobilization and uptake, tolerance to stress, and thus crop quality when applied to plants directly or in the rhizospheric region. They foster plant growth and development by positively affecting the crop life-cycle starting from seed germination to plant maturity. Legalized application of biostimulants causes no hazardous effects on the environment and primarily provides nutrition to plants. It nurtures the growth of soil microorganisms, which leads to enhanced soil fertility and also improves plant metabolism. Additionally, it may positively influence the exogenous microbes and alter the equilibrium of the microfloral composition of the soil milieu. This review frequently cites the characterization of microbial plant biostimulants that belong to either a high-risk group or are closely related to human pathogens such as <i>Pueudomonas</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i>, <i>Acinetobacter</i>, etc. These related pathogens cause ailments including septicemia, gastroenteritis, wound infections, inflammation in the respiratory system, meningitis, etc., of varied severity under different conditions of health status such as immunocompromized and comorbidity. Thus it may attract the related concern to review the risk status of biostimulants for their legalized applications in agriculture. This study mainly emphasizes microbial plant biostimulants and their safe application concerns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:58:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86829b5e4ae34e718a15bda5aa538685 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:58:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-86829b5e4ae34e718a15bda5aa5386852023-11-30T23:06:45ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-12-011311210.3390/life13010012Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk StatusMenka Kumari0Preeti Swarupa1Kavindra Kumar Kesari2Anil Kumar3Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand Cheri-Manatu, Kamre, Kanke, Rachi 835222, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Patna Women’s College, Patna 800001, IndiaDepartment of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, FinlandDepartment of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand Cheri-Manatu, Kamre, Kanke, Rachi 835222, IndiaModern agriculture systems are copiously dependent on agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides intended to increase crop production and yield. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals not only affects the growth of plants due to the accumulation of toxic compounds, but also degrades the quality and life-supporting properties of soil. There is a dire need to develop some green approach that can resolve these issues and restore soil fertility and sustainability. The use of plant biostimulants has emerged as an environmentally friendly and acceptable method to increase crop productivity. Biostimulants contain biological substances which may be capable of increasing or stimulating plant growth in an eco-friendly manner. They are mostly biofertilizers that provide nutrients and protect plants from environmental stresses such as drought and salinity. In contrast to the protection of crop products, biostimulants not only act on the plant’s vigor but also do not respond to direct actions against pests or diseases. Plant biostimulants improve nutrient mobilization and uptake, tolerance to stress, and thus crop quality when applied to plants directly or in the rhizospheric region. They foster plant growth and development by positively affecting the crop life-cycle starting from seed germination to plant maturity. Legalized application of biostimulants causes no hazardous effects on the environment and primarily provides nutrition to plants. It nurtures the growth of soil microorganisms, which leads to enhanced soil fertility and also improves plant metabolism. Additionally, it may positively influence the exogenous microbes and alter the equilibrium of the microfloral composition of the soil milieu. This review frequently cites the characterization of microbial plant biostimulants that belong to either a high-risk group or are closely related to human pathogens such as <i>Pueudomonas</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i>, <i>Acinetobacter</i>, etc. These related pathogens cause ailments including septicemia, gastroenteritis, wound infections, inflammation in the respiratory system, meningitis, etc., of varied severity under different conditions of health status such as immunocompromized and comorbidity. Thus it may attract the related concern to review the risk status of biostimulants for their legalized applications in agriculture. This study mainly emphasizes microbial plant biostimulants and their safe application concerns.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/1/12biostimulantsbiofertilizersrhizospheresoil microorganismsphytostimulator |
| spellingShingle | Menka Kumari Preeti Swarupa Kavindra Kumar Kesari Anil Kumar Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status Life biostimulants biofertilizers rhizosphere soil microorganisms phytostimulator |
| title | Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status |
| title_full | Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status |
| title_fullStr | Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status |
| title_short | Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status |
| title_sort | microbial inoculants as plant biostimulants a review on risk status |
| topic | biostimulants biofertilizers rhizosphere soil microorganisms phytostimulator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/1/12 |
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