Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes the release of exosomal PD-L1 from head and neck cancer cells and facilitates M2 macrophage polarization

Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes the release of exosomal PD-L1 from head and neck cancer cells and facilitates M2 macrophage polarization

Abstract Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been found to foster the escape of cancer cells from immune surveillance and upregulate PD-L1 expression. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Methods While analyzing the protein levels using immunofluorescence and Western blotting...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yi Yuan, Pengfei Jiao, Zeyu Wang, Mengqi Chen, Hongming Du, Liang Xu, Juanyong Xu, Youjin Dai, Fu-gen Wu, Yaqin Zhang, Heming Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2022-01-01
Series:Cell Communication and Signaling
Subjects:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Macrophage
Endoplasmic reticulum stress
Exosome
PD-L1
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-021-00810-2

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