| Summary: | Background: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for elevated LV mass (LVM) in adults. Evidence suggests that BP tracks from childhood into adolescence and adulthood, however findings on the association between childhood BP and LVM are inconsistent and the temporal relationship between BP in childhood and elevated LVM in adolescence is unknown.
Methods: Echocardiography and sitting brachial systolic BP (SBP) measurements were performed on 2065 17yr olds. 1377 participants (742 females, 635 males) had complete BP data measured at age 7yrs, 9yrs, 11yrs and 15yrs. LVM was calculated and indexed to height2.7 (LVMI). Linear regression was used to investigate associations.
Results: Elevated LVMI at 17yrs was associated with increased SBP at all ages in females and in males at 9yrs, 11yrs, 15yrs and 17yrs (Table 1). Adjustment for cardiometabolic risk factors at age 17 (age, free-fat mass, height, height2 and smoking (Model 1)) did not substantially attenuate all LVMI and BP associations and associations at earlier ages remained significant after further adjustment for SBP at age 17.
Age (yrs)
Unadjusted
Model 1
Model 1+ SBP at 17yrs
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
7
0.01±0.03
0.09±0.02**
0.02±0.03
0.06±0.02**
−0.02±0.03
0.07±0.02**
9
0.06±0.03*
0.06±0.02*
0.02±0.02
−0.007±0.02
0.02±0.02
−0.006±0.8
11
0.15±0.03**
0.06±0.02**
0.09±0.03**
0.008±0.02
0.09±0.03**
0.009±0.02
15
0.05±0.02*
0.06±0.02**
0.02±0.02
0.04±0.02*
0.02±0.02
0.03±0.02*
17
0.16±0.03**
0.14±0.02**
0.13±0.03**
0.09±0.02**
Data are β±SE(g/m 2.7)
*= p<0.05
**p<0.0001
Conclusion: These results show that high antecedent childhood BP from as early as age 7 is associated with higher LVMI in adolescence independent of current BP.
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