COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study
Underreporting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global problem and might hamper Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemiological control. Taking this into consideration, we estimated possible SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting in Brazil among patients wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1505 |
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| author | Tainá Momesso Lima Camila Vantini Capasso Palamim Vitória Franchini Melani Matheus Ferreira Mendes Letícia Rojina Pereira Fernando Augusto Lima Marson |
| author_facet | Tainá Momesso Lima Camila Vantini Capasso Palamim Vitória Franchini Melani Matheus Ferreira Mendes Letícia Rojina Pereira Fernando Augusto Lima Marson |
| author_sort | Tainá Momesso Lima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Underreporting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global problem and might hamper Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemiological control. Taking this into consideration, we estimated possible SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting in Brazil among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An ecological study using a descriptive analysis of the SARS report was carried out based on data supplied by the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information (SIVEP)-Flu (in Brazilian Portuguese, Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe) in the period between January 2015 and March 2021. The number of SARS cases and related deaths after infection by SARS-CoV-2 or Influenzae was described. The estimation of underreporting was evaluated considering the relative increase in the number of cases with undefined etiological agent comparing 2020 to 2015–2019; and descriptive analysis was carried out including data from January–March/2021. In our data, SARS-CoV-2 infection and the presence of SARS with undefined etiological agent were associated with the higher number of cases and deaths from SARS in 2020/2021. SARS upsurge was six times over that expected in 2020, according to SARS seasonality in previous years (2015–2019). The lowest possible underdiagnosis rate was observed in the age group < 2 y.o. and individuals over 30 y.o., with ~50%; while in the age groups 10–19 and 20–29 y.o., the rates were 200–250% and 100%, respectively. For the remaining age groups (2–5 and 5–9 y.o.) underreporting was over 550%, except for female individuals in the age group 2–5 y.o., in which a ~500% rate was found. Our study described that the SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting rate in Brazil in SARS patients is alarming and presents different indices, mainly associated with the patients’ age groups. Our results, mainly the underreporting index according to sex and age, should be evaluated with caution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86a9db4ade2d4714bbcafe6e3946cfb4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-86a9db4ade2d4714bbcafe6e3946cfb42023-11-23T16:19:17ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-06-01126150510.3390/diagnostics12061505COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological StudyTainá Momesso Lima0Camila Vantini Capasso Palamim1Vitória Franchini Melani2Matheus Ferreira Mendes3Letícia Rojina Pereira4Fernando Augusto Lima Marson5Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilLaboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilLaboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilLaboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilLaboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilLaboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista, Sao Paulo 12916-900, BrazilUnderreporting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global problem and might hamper Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemiological control. Taking this into consideration, we estimated possible SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting in Brazil among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An ecological study using a descriptive analysis of the SARS report was carried out based on data supplied by the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information (SIVEP)-Flu (in Brazilian Portuguese, Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe) in the period between January 2015 and March 2021. The number of SARS cases and related deaths after infection by SARS-CoV-2 or Influenzae was described. The estimation of underreporting was evaluated considering the relative increase in the number of cases with undefined etiological agent comparing 2020 to 2015–2019; and descriptive analysis was carried out including data from January–March/2021. In our data, SARS-CoV-2 infection and the presence of SARS with undefined etiological agent were associated with the higher number of cases and deaths from SARS in 2020/2021. SARS upsurge was six times over that expected in 2020, according to SARS seasonality in previous years (2015–2019). The lowest possible underdiagnosis rate was observed in the age group < 2 y.o. and individuals over 30 y.o., with ~50%; while in the age groups 10–19 and 20–29 y.o., the rates were 200–250% and 100%, respectively. For the remaining age groups (2–5 and 5–9 y.o.) underreporting was over 550%, except for female individuals in the age group 2–5 y.o., in which a ~500% rate was found. Our study described that the SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting rate in Brazil in SARS patients is alarming and presents different indices, mainly associated with the patients’ age groups. Our results, mainly the underreporting index according to sex and age, should be evaluated with caution.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1505COVID-19SARS-CoV-2severe acute respiratory syndromeunderreportingundocumentedpandemic |
| spellingShingle | Tainá Momesso Lima Camila Vantini Capasso Palamim Vitória Franchini Melani Matheus Ferreira Mendes Letícia Rojina Pereira Fernando Augusto Lima Marson COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study Diagnostics COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome underreporting undocumented pandemic |
| title | COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study |
| title_full | COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study |
| title_short | COVID-19 Underreporting in Brazil among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome during the Pandemic: An Ecological Study |
| title_sort | covid 19 underreporting in brazil among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome during the pandemic an ecological study |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome underreporting undocumented pandemic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1505 |
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