Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: A higher prevalence of dental malocclusion has been suggested among individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) compared to controls, although no studies to date have investigated such a difference according to age group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1657 |
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| author | Anna Alessandri-Bonetti Federica Guglielmi Antongiulia Mollo Linda Sangalli Patrizia Gallenzi |
| author_facet | Anna Alessandri-Bonetti Federica Guglielmi Antongiulia Mollo Linda Sangalli Patrizia Gallenzi |
| author_sort | Anna Alessandri-Bonetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: A higher prevalence of dental malocclusion has been suggested among individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) compared to controls, although no studies to date have investigated such a difference according to age group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental malocclusion and other orthodontic measures between DS and non-syndromic (non-DS) individuals across three age groups of children, adolescents, and adults. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 147 patients. Of those, 72 were diagnosed with DS and were divided into N = 15 children (<10 years), N = 23 adolescents (10–18 years) and N = 34 adults (>18 years). The remaining 75 patients were sex- and age-matched controls. The two groups were compared according to age group in terms of the prevalence of dental malocclusion, measures of sagittal, vertical, and transverse discrepancy, facial profile, and probable sleep bruxism with chi-square tests for proportion. <i>Results</i>: The DS patients consistently exhibited a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to the non-DS patients, regardless of age group. The non-DS adolescents presented with a significantly higher prevalence of convex profile than the DS adolescents. The adolescent and adult DS patients most commonly presented with a maxillary transverse discrepancy and posterior crossbite compared to the non-DS controls. The DS adults had a higher prevalence of probable sleep bruxism. <i>Conclusions</i>: Patients with DS showed a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to non-DS controls, regardless of age group. Other orthodontic measures showed a fluctuation according to the age group considered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:29:09Z |
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| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:29:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-86aaccea8f7841b9b5bf36fd488f397a2023-11-19T11:53:03ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442023-09-01599165710.3390/medicina59091657Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional StudyAnna Alessandri-Bonetti0Federica Guglielmi1Antongiulia Mollo2Linda Sangalli3Patrizia Gallenzi4Institute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyInstitute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyInstitute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyCollege of Dental Medicine—Illinois, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USAInstitute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy<i>Background and Objectives</i>: A higher prevalence of dental malocclusion has been suggested among individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) compared to controls, although no studies to date have investigated such a difference according to age group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental malocclusion and other orthodontic measures between DS and non-syndromic (non-DS) individuals across three age groups of children, adolescents, and adults. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 147 patients. Of those, 72 were diagnosed with DS and were divided into N = 15 children (<10 years), N = 23 adolescents (10–18 years) and N = 34 adults (>18 years). The remaining 75 patients were sex- and age-matched controls. The two groups were compared according to age group in terms of the prevalence of dental malocclusion, measures of sagittal, vertical, and transverse discrepancy, facial profile, and probable sleep bruxism with chi-square tests for proportion. <i>Results</i>: The DS patients consistently exhibited a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to the non-DS patients, regardless of age group. The non-DS adolescents presented with a significantly higher prevalence of convex profile than the DS adolescents. The adolescent and adult DS patients most commonly presented with a maxillary transverse discrepancy and posterior crossbite compared to the non-DS controls. The DS adults had a higher prevalence of probable sleep bruxism. <i>Conclusions</i>: Patients with DS showed a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to non-DS controls, regardless of age group. Other orthodontic measures showed a fluctuation according to the age group considered.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1657down syndromemalocclusionsangle relationshiporthodontic parameters |
| spellingShingle | Anna Alessandri-Bonetti Federica Guglielmi Antongiulia Mollo Linda Sangalli Patrizia Gallenzi Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study Medicina down syndrome malocclusions angle relationship orthodontic parameters |
| title | Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | prevalence of malocclusions in down syndrome population a cross sectional study |
| topic | down syndrome malocclusions angle relationship orthodontic parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1657 |
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