Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article
Life expectancy has increased throughout the world and, as a result, the population of the elderly is also rising. From the age of 30 years old, the human body mass loses about 0.1 to 0.5% of its skeletal muscle mass annually, which is accelerated after the age of 65 years old. Aging is characterize...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fas |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Tehran University Medical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/article-1-10927-en.html |
| _version_ | 1819059456838729728 |
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| author | Hamed Behrad Mahdi Zareei Zeinab Borjian Boroujeni Seyed Saeed Asadi Zeinab Tabanejad Mohammad Panji Masoud Asgharpour-Arshad |
| author_facet | Hamed Behrad Mahdi Zareei Zeinab Borjian Boroujeni Seyed Saeed Asadi Zeinab Tabanejad Mohammad Panji Masoud Asgharpour-Arshad |
| author_sort | Hamed Behrad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Life expectancy has increased throughout the world and, as a result, the population of the elderly is also rising. From the age of 30 years old, the human body mass loses about 0.1 to 0.5% of its skeletal muscle mass annually, which is accelerated after the age of 65 years old. Aging is characterized by a decrease in the progression of musculoskeletal and physical activity known as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia has a complex molecular pathogenesis that includes age-related changes in muscles’ neuromuscular activity, muscle protein replacement, the hormone levels and the related sensitivity of human body to these mentioned factors. The pathogenic conditions and other disorders in sarcopenia are the chronic inflammatory states that include oxidative stress and changes in behavioral factors, especially in nutritional status and physical activity. By definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the diagnosis of sarcopenia is determined by the presence of two main factors which are low muscle mass and low muscle function. Besides, specific sarcopenia-related biomarkers have been identified for early diagnosis and accurate identification of the main pathophysiology mechanisms involved in the development of the disease. Since sarcopenia has adverse outcomes on public health in terms of behavioral factors, frailty, hospitalization and mortality of people, it is an important necessity for the social health system to plan some therapeutic approaches to prevention. The main and more important of these therapeutic approaches have known as exercises, nutritional supplements and hormonal therapies. Also, other new therapeutic strategies are under investigation to be introduced in the future. However, currently, it has been shown that only physical exercise has a positive effect on the controlling and prevention of sarcopenia and its adverse effects on human and public health. However, the role of appropriate nutrition is also effective. Therefore, carefully designed studies in terms of better utilization of physical activity are needed to achieve useful therapeutic results for sarcopenia management. Thus, this survey aims to review the other considerable studies on the pathogenesis, appropriate evaluation of the disease and treatment options for sarcopenia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:11:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86e392ebca104041913041c137d0174f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1683-1764 1735-7322 |
| language | fas |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:11:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tehran University Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-86e392ebca104041913041c137d0174f2022-12-21T19:01:01ZfasTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran University Medical Journal1683-17641735-73222020-12-017810632643Sarcopenia and planning to management: review articleHamed Behrad0Mahdi Zareei1Zeinab Borjian Boroujeni2Seyed Saeed Asadi3Zeinab Tabanejad4Mohammad Panji5Masoud Asgharpour-Arshad6 Department of Physical Education, Basic Sciences Education Center, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Physical Education, Basic Sciences Education Center, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran. Life expectancy has increased throughout the world and, as a result, the population of the elderly is also rising. From the age of 30 years old, the human body mass loses about 0.1 to 0.5% of its skeletal muscle mass annually, which is accelerated after the age of 65 years old. Aging is characterized by a decrease in the progression of musculoskeletal and physical activity known as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia has a complex molecular pathogenesis that includes age-related changes in muscles’ neuromuscular activity, muscle protein replacement, the hormone levels and the related sensitivity of human body to these mentioned factors. The pathogenic conditions and other disorders in sarcopenia are the chronic inflammatory states that include oxidative stress and changes in behavioral factors, especially in nutritional status and physical activity. By definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the diagnosis of sarcopenia is determined by the presence of two main factors which are low muscle mass and low muscle function. Besides, specific sarcopenia-related biomarkers have been identified for early diagnosis and accurate identification of the main pathophysiology mechanisms involved in the development of the disease. Since sarcopenia has adverse outcomes on public health in terms of behavioral factors, frailty, hospitalization and mortality of people, it is an important necessity for the social health system to plan some therapeutic approaches to prevention. The main and more important of these therapeutic approaches have known as exercises, nutritional supplements and hormonal therapies. Also, other new therapeutic strategies are under investigation to be introduced in the future. However, currently, it has been shown that only physical exercise has a positive effect on the controlling and prevention of sarcopenia and its adverse effects on human and public health. However, the role of appropriate nutrition is also effective. Therefore, carefully designed studies in terms of better utilization of physical activity are needed to achieve useful therapeutic results for sarcopenia management. Thus, this survey aims to review the other considerable studies on the pathogenesis, appropriate evaluation of the disease and treatment options for sarcopenia.http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/article-1-10927-en.htmlagingfrailtymusclessarcopenia |
| spellingShingle | Hamed Behrad Mahdi Zareei Zeinab Borjian Boroujeni Seyed Saeed Asadi Zeinab Tabanejad Mohammad Panji Masoud Asgharpour-Arshad Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article Tehran University Medical Journal aging frailty muscles sarcopenia |
| title | Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article |
| title_full | Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article |
| title_fullStr | Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article |
| title_short | Sarcopenia and planning to management: review article |
| title_sort | sarcopenia and planning to management review article |
| topic | aging frailty muscles sarcopenia |
| url | http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/article-1-10927-en.html |
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