The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Abstract Background Preoperative anemia is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with various etiologies, among which iron deficiency is the leading cause. However, the benefit of intravenous (IV) iron for the treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery is uncertain. This updated meta-analysi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-023-02119-2 |
| _version_ | 1797952353731608576 |
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| author | Hong-Mei Liu Xi-sha Tang Hong Yu Hai Yu |
| author_facet | Hong-Mei Liu Xi-sha Tang Hong Yu Hai Yu |
| author_sort | Hong-Mei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Preoperative anemia is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with various etiologies, among which iron deficiency is the leading cause. However, the benefit of intravenous (IV) iron for the treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery is uncertain. This updated meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IV iron in adult cardiac surgery patients with preoperative anemia. Methods This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool and Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria. Trial sequential analysis was performed on the primary outcome (transfusion rate) to confirm whether firm evidence was reached. Results Six RCTs (936 patients) and 5 observational studies (1350 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The IV iron group and the control group were comparable in terms of transfusion rate [55.1% vs 60.9%, risk ratio (RR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–1.03, P = 0.13, low quality]. There were no significant differences in units transfused per patient, ICU stay and hospital length of stay between the two groups. And pooled data showed a benefit of IV iron compared to the control group on mortality (2.76% vs 3.75%, RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.36–0.95, P = 0.03, moderate quality) and no mortality reduction existed when including only RCTs. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggested that IV iron treatment for patients with anemia before cardiac surgery did not reduce the transfusion requirement (low quality), but it was associated with decreased mortality (moderate quality). More large-scale, high-quality randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm or refute our findings. PROSPERO registry reference: CRD42022331875. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:44:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86e599e1f1394ae4b6e679799f11cab5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-8090 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:44:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
| spelling | doaj.art-86e599e1f1394ae4b6e679799f11cab52023-01-15T12:21:08ZengBMCJournal of Cardiothoracic Surgery1749-80902023-01-0118111310.1186/s13019-023-02119-2The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysisHong-Mei Liu0Xi-sha Tang1Hong Yu2Hai Yu3Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background Preoperative anemia is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with various etiologies, among which iron deficiency is the leading cause. However, the benefit of intravenous (IV) iron for the treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery is uncertain. This updated meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IV iron in adult cardiac surgery patients with preoperative anemia. Methods This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool and Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria. Trial sequential analysis was performed on the primary outcome (transfusion rate) to confirm whether firm evidence was reached. Results Six RCTs (936 patients) and 5 observational studies (1350 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The IV iron group and the control group were comparable in terms of transfusion rate [55.1% vs 60.9%, risk ratio (RR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–1.03, P = 0.13, low quality]. There were no significant differences in units transfused per patient, ICU stay and hospital length of stay between the two groups. And pooled data showed a benefit of IV iron compared to the control group on mortality (2.76% vs 3.75%, RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.36–0.95, P = 0.03, moderate quality) and no mortality reduction existed when including only RCTs. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggested that IV iron treatment for patients with anemia before cardiac surgery did not reduce the transfusion requirement (low quality), but it was associated with decreased mortality (moderate quality). More large-scale, high-quality randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm or refute our findings. PROSPERO registry reference: CRD42022331875.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-023-02119-2AnemiaIntravenous ironTransfusionCardiac surgeryMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Hong-Mei Liu Xi-sha Tang Hong Yu Hai Yu The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Anemia Intravenous iron Transfusion Cardiac surgery Meta-analysis |
| title | The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| title_full | The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| title_fullStr | The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| title_short | The efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| title_sort | efficacy of intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery an updated systematic review and meta analysis with trial sequential analysis |
| topic | Anemia Intravenous iron Transfusion Cardiac surgery Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-023-02119-2 |
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