New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts
Anastomotic leak (AL) is a life-threatening postoperative complication following colorectal surgery, which has not decreased over time. Until now, no specific risk factors or surgical technique could be targeted to improve anastomotic healing. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1022603/full |
| _version_ | 1797989444321542144 |
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| author | Yang Liu Yang Liu Bowen Li Bowen Li Yunwei Wei Yunwei Wei |
| author_facet | Yang Liu Yang Liu Bowen Li Bowen Li Yunwei Wei Yunwei Wei |
| author_sort | Yang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anastomotic leak (AL) is a life-threatening postoperative complication following colorectal surgery, which has not decreased over time. Until now, no specific risk factors or surgical technique could be targeted to improve anastomotic healing. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been recognized to contribute to AL, but the exact effects are still vague. In this context, interpretation of the mechanisms underlying how the gut microbiota contributes to AL is significant for improving patients’ outcomes. This review concentrates on novel findings to explain how the gut microbiota of patients with AL are altered, how the AL-specific pathogen colonizes and is enriched on the anastomosis site, and how these pathogens conduct their tissue breakdown effects. We build up a framework between the gut microbiota and AL on three levels. Firstly, factors that shape the gut microbiota profiles in patients who developed AL after colorectal surgery include preoperative intervention and surgical factors. Secondly, AL-specific pathogenic or collagenase bacteria adhere to the intestinal mucosa and defend against host clearance, including the interaction between bacterial adhesion and host extracellular matrix (ECM), the biofilm formation, and the weakened host commercial bacterial resistance. Thirdly, we interpret the potential mechanisms of pathogen-induced poor anastomotic healing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:20:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-86e957f0aa6148ee980196bb0cc3484d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:20:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-86e957f0aa6148ee980196bb0cc3484d2022-12-22T04:34:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-11-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.10226031022603New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current conceptsYang Liu0Yang Liu1Bowen Li2Bowen Li3Yunwei Wei4Yunwei Wei5Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Division, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, ChinaNingbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo, ChinaPancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Division, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaPancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Division, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, ChinaNingbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo, ChinaAnastomotic leak (AL) is a life-threatening postoperative complication following colorectal surgery, which has not decreased over time. Until now, no specific risk factors or surgical technique could be targeted to improve anastomotic healing. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been recognized to contribute to AL, but the exact effects are still vague. In this context, interpretation of the mechanisms underlying how the gut microbiota contributes to AL is significant for improving patients’ outcomes. This review concentrates on novel findings to explain how the gut microbiota of patients with AL are altered, how the AL-specific pathogen colonizes and is enriched on the anastomosis site, and how these pathogens conduct their tissue breakdown effects. We build up a framework between the gut microbiota and AL on three levels. Firstly, factors that shape the gut microbiota profiles in patients who developed AL after colorectal surgery include preoperative intervention and surgical factors. Secondly, AL-specific pathogenic or collagenase bacteria adhere to the intestinal mucosa and defend against host clearance, including the interaction between bacterial adhesion and host extracellular matrix (ECM), the biofilm formation, and the weakened host commercial bacterial resistance. Thirdly, we interpret the potential mechanisms of pathogen-induced poor anastomotic healing.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1022603/fullanastomosis leakgut microbiotapathogen colonizationextracellular matrixadhesincollagen degradation |
| spellingShingle | Yang Liu Yang Liu Bowen Li Bowen Li Yunwei Wei Yunwei Wei New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology anastomosis leak gut microbiota pathogen colonization extracellular matrix adhesin collagen degradation |
| title | New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts |
| title_full | New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts |
| title_fullStr | New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts |
| title_full_unstemmed | New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts |
| title_short | New understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak: A collaborative review of the current concepts |
| title_sort | new understanding of gut microbiota and colorectal anastomosis leak a collaborative review of the current concepts |
| topic | anastomosis leak gut microbiota pathogen colonization extracellular matrix adhesin collagen degradation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1022603/full |
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