Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis
(1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper fea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1107 |
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| author | Elisabet Lopez-Soley Eloy Martinez-Heras Magi Andorra Aleix Solanes Joaquim Radua Carmen Montejo Salut Alba-Arbalat Nuria Sola-Valls Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas Maria Sepulveda Lucia Romero-Pinel Elvira Munteis Jose E. Martínez-Rodríguez Yolanda Blanco Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina Pablo Villoslada Albert Saiz Elisabeth Solana Sara Llufriu |
| author_facet | Elisabet Lopez-Soley Eloy Martinez-Heras Magi Andorra Aleix Solanes Joaquim Radua Carmen Montejo Salut Alba-Arbalat Nuria Sola-Valls Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas Maria Sepulveda Lucia Romero-Pinel Elvira Munteis Jose E. Martínez-Rodríguez Yolanda Blanco Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina Pablo Villoslada Albert Saiz Elisabeth Solana Sara Llufriu |
| author_sort | Elisabet Lopez-Soley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper features a longitudinal study with 212 patients who underwent several cognitive examinations at different time points. Dynamics of cognition were assessed using mixed-effects linear spline models. Machine learning techniques were used to identify which baseline demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures best predicted CI. (3) Results: In the first 5 years of MS, we detected an increase in the z-scores of global cognition, verbal memory, and information processing speed, which was followed by a decline in global cognition and memory (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between years 5 and 15. From 15 to 30 years of disease onset, cognitive decline continued, affecting global cognition and verbal memory. The baseline measures that best predicted CI were education, disease severity, lesion burden, and hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex volume. (4) Conclusions: In MS, cognition deteriorates 5 years after disease onset, declining steadily over the next 25 years and more markedly affecting verbal memory. Education, disease severity, lesion burden, and volume of limbic structures predict future CI and may be helpful when identifying at-risk patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:22:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-870e2e731e6246dc83102927181328b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:22:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-870e2e731e6246dc83102927181328b82023-11-22T23:58:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262021-10-011111110710.3390/jpm11111107Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple SclerosisElisabet Lopez-Soley0Eloy Martinez-Heras1Magi Andorra2Aleix Solanes3Joaquim Radua4Carmen Montejo5Salut Alba-Arbalat6Nuria Sola-Valls7Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas8Maria Sepulveda9Lucia Romero-Pinel10Elvira Munteis11Jose E. Martínez-Rodríguez12Yolanda Blanco13Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina14Pablo Villoslada15Albert Saiz16Elisabeth Solana17Sara Llufriu18Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainImaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS and CIBERSAM, 08036 Barcelona, SpainImaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS and CIBERSAM, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainMultiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, SpainNeurology Department: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, SpainNeurology Department: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCenter of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain(1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper features a longitudinal study with 212 patients who underwent several cognitive examinations at different time points. Dynamics of cognition were assessed using mixed-effects linear spline models. Machine learning techniques were used to identify which baseline demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures best predicted CI. (3) Results: In the first 5 years of MS, we detected an increase in the z-scores of global cognition, verbal memory, and information processing speed, which was followed by a decline in global cognition and memory (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between years 5 and 15. From 15 to 30 years of disease onset, cognitive decline continued, affecting global cognition and verbal memory. The baseline measures that best predicted CI were education, disease severity, lesion burden, and hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex volume. (4) Conclusions: In MS, cognition deteriorates 5 years after disease onset, declining steadily over the next 25 years and more markedly affecting verbal memory. Education, disease severity, lesion burden, and volume of limbic structures predict future CI and may be helpful when identifying at-risk patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1107cognitioncognitive impairmentneuroimaginglongitudinalpredictorsmultiple sclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Elisabet Lopez-Soley Eloy Martinez-Heras Magi Andorra Aleix Solanes Joaquim Radua Carmen Montejo Salut Alba-Arbalat Nuria Sola-Valls Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas Maria Sepulveda Lucia Romero-Pinel Elvira Munteis Jose E. Martínez-Rodríguez Yolanda Blanco Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina Pablo Villoslada Albert Saiz Elisabeth Solana Sara Llufriu Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis Journal of Personalized Medicine cognition cognitive impairment neuroimaging longitudinal predictors multiple sclerosis |
| title | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_short | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_sort | dynamics and predictors of cognitive impairment along the disease course in multiple sclerosis |
| topic | cognition cognitive impairment neuroimaging longitudinal predictors multiple sclerosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1107 |
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