Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON)
<p>In this study, an extension on the previously reported status of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network's (COCCON) calibration procedures incorporating refined methods is presented. COCCON is a global network of portable Bruker EM27/SUN FTIR spectrometers for deriving column...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| Online Access: | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/15/2433/2022/amt-15-2433-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828766628992516096 |
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| author | C. Alberti F. Hase M. Frey D. Dubravica T. Blumenstock A. Dehn P. Castracane G. Surawicz R. Harig B. C. Baier B. C. Baier C. Bès J. Bi H. Boesch A. Butz Z. Cai J. Chen S. M. Crowell N. M. Deutscher D. Ene J. E. Franklin O. García D. Griffith B. Grouiez M. Grutter A. Hamdouni S. Houweling S. Houweling N. Humpage N. Jacobs N. Jacobs S. Jeong L. Joly N. B. Jones D. Jouglet R. Kivi R. Kleinschek M. Lopez D. J. Medeiros I. Morino N. Mostafavipak A. Müller H. Ohyama P. I. Palmer P. I. Palmer M. Pathakoti D. F. Pollard U. Raffalski M. Ramonet R. Ramsay M. K. Sha K. Shiomi W. Simpson W. Stremme Y. Sun H. Tanimoto Y. Té G. M. Tsidu V. A. Velazco F. Vogel M. Watanabe C. Wei D. Wunch M. Yamasoe L. Zhang J. Orphal J. Orphal |
| author_facet | C. Alberti F. Hase M. Frey D. Dubravica T. Blumenstock A. Dehn P. Castracane G. Surawicz R. Harig B. C. Baier B. C. Baier C. Bès J. Bi H. Boesch A. Butz Z. Cai J. Chen S. M. Crowell N. M. Deutscher D. Ene J. E. Franklin O. García D. Griffith B. Grouiez M. Grutter A. Hamdouni S. Houweling S. Houweling N. Humpage N. Jacobs N. Jacobs S. Jeong L. Joly N. B. Jones D. Jouglet R. Kivi R. Kleinschek M. Lopez D. J. Medeiros I. Morino N. Mostafavipak A. Müller H. Ohyama P. I. Palmer P. I. Palmer M. Pathakoti D. F. Pollard U. Raffalski M. Ramonet R. Ramsay M. K. Sha K. Shiomi W. Simpson W. Stremme Y. Sun H. Tanimoto Y. Té G. M. Tsidu V. A. Velazco F. Vogel M. Watanabe C. Wei D. Wunch M. Yamasoe L. Zhang J. Orphal J. Orphal |
| author_sort | C. Alberti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>In this study, an extension on the previously reported status of the
COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network's (COCCON) calibration
procedures incorporating refined methods is presented. COCCON is a global
network of portable Bruker EM27/SUN FTIR spectrometers for deriving
column-averaged atmospheric abundances of greenhouse gases. The original
laboratory open-path lamp measurements for deriving the instrumental line
shape (ILS) of the spectrometer from water vapour lines have been refined
and extended to the secondary detector channel incorporated in the EM27/SUN
spectrometer for detection of carbon monoxide (CO). The refinements
encompass improved spectroscopic line lists for the relevant water lines and
a revision of the laboratory pressure measurements used for the analysis of
the spectra. The new results are found to be in good agreement with those
reported by Frey et al. (2019) and discussed in detail. In addition, a new
calibration cell for ILS measurements was designed, constructed and put into
service. Spectrometers calibrated since January 2020 were tested using both
methods for ILS characterization, open-path (OP) and cell measurements. We
demonstrate that both methods can detect the small variations in ILS
characteristics between different spectrometers, but the results of the cell
method indicate a systematic bias of the OP method. Finally, a revision and
extension of the COCCON network instrument-to-instrument calibration factors
for <span class="inline-formula">XCO<sub>2</sub></span>, XCO and <span class="inline-formula">XCH<sub>4</sub></span> is presented, incorporating 47 new
spectrometers (of 83 in total by now). This calibration is based on the
reference EM27/SUN spectrometer operated by the Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT) and spectra collected by the collocated TCCON station
Karlsruhe. Variations in the instrumental characteristics of the reference
EM27/SUN from 2014 to 2017 were detected, probably arising from realignment
and the dual-channel upgrade performed in early 2018. These variations are
considered in the evaluation of the instrument-specific calibration factors
in order to keep all tabulated calibration results consistent.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:11:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-871c53e1d30a44a3b942f53bfbf2d7e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1867-1381 1867-8548 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:11:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| spelling | doaj.art-871c53e1d30a44a3b942f53bfbf2d7e92022-12-22T01:16:21ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Measurement Techniques1867-13811867-85482022-04-01152433246310.5194/amt-15-2433-2022Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON)C. Alberti0F. Hase1M. Frey2D. Dubravica3T. Blumenstock4A. Dehn5P. Castracane6G. Surawicz7R. Harig8B. C. Baier9B. C. Baier10C. Bès11J. Bi12H. Boesch13A. Butz14Z. Cai15J. Chen16S. M. Crowell17N. M. Deutscher18D. Ene19J. E. Franklin20O. García21D. Griffith22B. Grouiez23M. Grutter24A. Hamdouni25S. Houweling26S. Houweling27N. Humpage28N. Jacobs29N. Jacobs30S. Jeong31L. Joly32N. B. Jones33D. Jouglet34R. Kivi35R. Kleinschek36M. Lopez37D. J. Medeiros38I. Morino39N. Mostafavipak40A. Müller41H. Ohyama42P. I. Palmer43P. I. Palmer44M. Pathakoti45D. F. Pollard46U. Raffalski47M. Ramonet48R. Ramsay49M. K. Sha50K. Shiomi51W. Simpson52W. Stremme53Y. Sun54H. Tanimoto55Y. Té56G. M. Tsidu57V. A. Velazco58F. Vogel59M. Watanabe60C. Wei61D. Wunch62M. Yamasoe63L. Zhang64J. Orphal65J. Orphal66Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, GermanyNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, JapanInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, GermanyEuropean Space Agency/Centre for Earth Observation (ESA/ESRIN), Frascati, ItalyEuropean Space Agency/Centre for Earth Observation (ESA/ESRIN), Frascati, ItalyBruker Optics GmbH, Ettlingen, GermanyBruker Optics GmbH, Ettlingen, GermanyCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO, USAEarth System Research Laboratory Global Monitoring Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA), Boulder, CO, USACentre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Paris, FranceKey Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaNational Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UKInstitut für Umweltphysik, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyCarbon Neutrality Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaEnvironmental Sensing and Modeling, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität München, Munich, GermanyCollege of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USACentre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaNational Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Măgurele, Ilfov, RomaniaSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USAIzaña Atmospheric Research Centre (IARC), State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMet), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainCentre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaGroupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 CEDEX 2 Reims, FranceCentro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoGroupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 CEDEX 2 Reims, FranceSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, the NetherlandsDepartment of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsNational Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UKDepartment of Chemistry and the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USACooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USADepartment of Environmental Planning, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaGroupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 CEDEX 2 Reims, FranceCentre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaCentre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Paris, FranceSpace and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Sodankylä, FinlandInstitut für Umweltphysik, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyUniversité Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceDepartamento de Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, JapanDepartment of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, JapanSchool of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UKNational Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UKEarth and Climate Sciences Area (ECSA), National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), ISRO, Hyderabad, IndiaNational Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA), Lauder, New ZealandSwedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, SwedenUniversité Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceNERC Field Spectroscopy Facility, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, UKRoyal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels, BelgiumEarth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USACentro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoAnhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, JapanLaboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA-IPSL), Sorbonne Université, Paris, FranceDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, BotswanaCentre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaClimate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, CanadaResearch and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, JapanShanghai Carbon Data Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaDepartamento de Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilNational Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, ChinaInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germanynow at: Division 4 “Natural and Built Environment”, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany<p>In this study, an extension on the previously reported status of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network's (COCCON) calibration procedures incorporating refined methods is presented. COCCON is a global network of portable Bruker EM27/SUN FTIR spectrometers for deriving column-averaged atmospheric abundances of greenhouse gases. The original laboratory open-path lamp measurements for deriving the instrumental line shape (ILS) of the spectrometer from water vapour lines have been refined and extended to the secondary detector channel incorporated in the EM27/SUN spectrometer for detection of carbon monoxide (CO). The refinements encompass improved spectroscopic line lists for the relevant water lines and a revision of the laboratory pressure measurements used for the analysis of the spectra. The new results are found to be in good agreement with those reported by Frey et al. (2019) and discussed in detail. In addition, a new calibration cell for ILS measurements was designed, constructed and put into service. Spectrometers calibrated since January 2020 were tested using both methods for ILS characterization, open-path (OP) and cell measurements. We demonstrate that both methods can detect the small variations in ILS characteristics between different spectrometers, but the results of the cell method indicate a systematic bias of the OP method. Finally, a revision and extension of the COCCON network instrument-to-instrument calibration factors for <span class="inline-formula">XCO<sub>2</sub></span>, XCO and <span class="inline-formula">XCH<sub>4</sub></span> is presented, incorporating 47 new spectrometers (of 83 in total by now). This calibration is based on the reference EM27/SUN spectrometer operated by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and spectra collected by the collocated TCCON station Karlsruhe. Variations in the instrumental characteristics of the reference EM27/SUN from 2014 to 2017 were detected, probably arising from realignment and the dual-channel upgrade performed in early 2018. These variations are considered in the evaluation of the instrument-specific calibration factors in order to keep all tabulated calibration results consistent.</p>https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/15/2433/2022/amt-15-2433-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Alberti F. Hase M. Frey D. Dubravica T. Blumenstock A. Dehn P. Castracane G. Surawicz R. Harig B. C. Baier B. C. Baier C. Bès J. Bi H. Boesch A. Butz Z. Cai J. Chen S. M. Crowell N. M. Deutscher D. Ene J. E. Franklin O. García D. Griffith B. Grouiez M. Grutter A. Hamdouni S. Houweling S. Houweling N. Humpage N. Jacobs N. Jacobs S. Jeong L. Joly N. B. Jones D. Jouglet R. Kivi R. Kleinschek M. Lopez D. J. Medeiros I. Morino N. Mostafavipak A. Müller H. Ohyama P. I. Palmer P. I. Palmer M. Pathakoti D. F. Pollard U. Raffalski M. Ramonet R. Ramsay M. K. Sha K. Shiomi W. Simpson W. Stremme Y. Sun H. Tanimoto Y. Té G. M. Tsidu V. A. Velazco F. Vogel M. Watanabe C. Wei D. Wunch M. Yamasoe L. Zhang J. Orphal J. Orphal Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| title | Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) |
| title_full | Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) |
| title_fullStr | Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) |
| title_short | Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) |
| title_sort | improved calibration procedures for the em27 sun spectrometers of the collaborative carbon column observing network coccon |
| url | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/15/2433/2022/amt-15-2433-2022.pdf |
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