Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY
Abstract Background Heterophilic antibodies in serum and plasma can interfere with mammalian antibodies in immunoassays and result in false test results, usually false positive. Although studies screening for heterophilic antibodies as well as elimination studies have been conducted in dogs and cats...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00575-1 |
| _version_ | 1818643224474943488 |
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| author | Bo Dong Daniel Bergman Bodil Ström Holst |
| author_facet | Bo Dong Daniel Bergman Bodil Ström Holst |
| author_sort | Bo Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Heterophilic antibodies in serum and plasma can interfere with mammalian antibodies in immunoassays and result in false test results, usually false positive. Although studies screening for heterophilic antibodies as well as elimination studies have been conducted in dogs and cats, knowledge of the presence of heterophilic antibodies in other species in veterinary medicine is limited. In this study, a 2-site sandwich-type interference assay that detects anti-mouse antibodies was used to detect heterophilic antibodies in a population of horses treated in an animal hospital. Results A total of 194 serum samples from 127 individual horses were analyzed. There were 11/127 (8.7%) interference-positive horses, and these were analyzed in an assay exchanging the capture mouse IgG with chicken IgY. The positive samples were negative in the chicken IgY assay, indicating elimination of a possible interference, with the chicken-based assay. Four interference-positive samples were from geldings, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was analyzed from these samples. AMH concentrations were negative in these samples as expected in geldings, indicating that the heterophilic antibodies did not cause interference in the AMH assay. Conclusion The present study shows that there are heterophilic antibodies in horse serum samples like in samples from humans, dogs, and cats. The use of chicken-based reagents, such as chicken IgY, which do not cross-react with mammalian IgG, eliminates the effects of interfering antibodies in the samples. Equine heterophilic antibodies do not necessarily cause interference in commercial immunoassays. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:55:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87210147abcf40f2bddca039aa28e526 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-0147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:55:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| spelling | doaj.art-87210147abcf40f2bddca039aa28e5262022-12-21T22:11:13ZengBMCActa Veterinaria Scandinavica1751-01472021-03-016311610.1186/s13028-021-00575-1Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgYBo Dong0Daniel Bergman1Bodil Ström Holst2Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Background Heterophilic antibodies in serum and plasma can interfere with mammalian antibodies in immunoassays and result in false test results, usually false positive. Although studies screening for heterophilic antibodies as well as elimination studies have been conducted in dogs and cats, knowledge of the presence of heterophilic antibodies in other species in veterinary medicine is limited. In this study, a 2-site sandwich-type interference assay that detects anti-mouse antibodies was used to detect heterophilic antibodies in a population of horses treated in an animal hospital. Results A total of 194 serum samples from 127 individual horses were analyzed. There were 11/127 (8.7%) interference-positive horses, and these were analyzed in an assay exchanging the capture mouse IgG with chicken IgY. The positive samples were negative in the chicken IgY assay, indicating elimination of a possible interference, with the chicken-based assay. Four interference-positive samples were from geldings, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was analyzed from these samples. AMH concentrations were negative in these samples as expected in geldings, indicating that the heterophilic antibodies did not cause interference in the AMH assay. Conclusion The present study shows that there are heterophilic antibodies in horse serum samples like in samples from humans, dogs, and cats. The use of chicken-based reagents, such as chicken IgY, which do not cross-react with mammalian IgG, eliminates the effects of interfering antibodies in the samples. Equine heterophilic antibodies do not necessarily cause interference in commercial immunoassays.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00575-1ELISAHeterophilic antibodiesHorseInterferenceSerum |
| spellingShingle | Bo Dong Daniel Bergman Bodil Ström Holst Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica ELISA Heterophilic antibodies Horse Interference Serum |
| title | Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY |
| title_full | Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY |
| title_short | Prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital, and elimination of interference using chicken IgY |
| title_sort | prevalence of heterophilic antibodies in serum samples from horses in an equine hospital and elimination of interference using chicken igy |
| topic | ELISA Heterophilic antibodies Horse Interference Serum |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00575-1 |
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