Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity
Silymarin extracted from milk thistle consisting of flavonolignan silybin has shown chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity against various cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential targets of silymarin against various cancers. Silymarin may play on the syst...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/9/2009 |
| _version_ | 1827718021265752064 |
|---|---|
| author | Dominique Delmas Jianbo Xiao Anne Vejux Virginie Aires |
| author_facet | Dominique Delmas Jianbo Xiao Anne Vejux Virginie Aires |
| author_sort | Dominique Delmas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silymarin extracted from milk thistle consisting of flavonolignan silybin has shown chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity against various cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential targets of silymarin against various cancers. Silymarin may play on the system of xenobiotics, metabolizing enzymes (phase I and phase II) to protect normal cells against various toxic molecules or to protect against deleterious effects of chemotherapeutic agents on normal cells. Furthermore, silymarin and its main bioactive compounds inhibit organic anion transporters (OAT) and ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) transporters, thus contributing to counteracting potential chemoresistance. Silymarin and its derivatives play a double role, namely, limiting the progression of cancer cells through different phases of the cycle—thus forcing them to evolve towards a process of cell death—and accumulating cancer cells in a phase of the cell cycle—thus making it possible to target a greater number of tumor cells with a specific anticancer agent. Silymarin exerts a chemopreventive effect by inducing intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and reactivating cell death pathways by modulation of the ratio of proapoptotic/antiapoptotic proteins and synergizing with agonists of death domains receptors. In summary, we highlight how silymarin may act as a chemopreventive agent and a chemosensitizer through multiple pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8739fac32f0e4ac5abf3037b595eaac0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8739fac32f0e4ac5abf3037b595eaac02023-11-19T22:43:11ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-04-01259200910.3390/molecules25092009Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and ChemosensitivityDominique Delmas0Jianbo Xiao1Anne Vejux2Virginie Aires3Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, FranceInternational Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaUniversité de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, FranceUniversité de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, FranceSilymarin extracted from milk thistle consisting of flavonolignan silybin has shown chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity against various cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential targets of silymarin against various cancers. Silymarin may play on the system of xenobiotics, metabolizing enzymes (phase I and phase II) to protect normal cells against various toxic molecules or to protect against deleterious effects of chemotherapeutic agents on normal cells. Furthermore, silymarin and its main bioactive compounds inhibit organic anion transporters (OAT) and ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) transporters, thus contributing to counteracting potential chemoresistance. Silymarin and its derivatives play a double role, namely, limiting the progression of cancer cells through different phases of the cycle—thus forcing them to evolve towards a process of cell death—and accumulating cancer cells in a phase of the cell cycle—thus making it possible to target a greater number of tumor cells with a specific anticancer agent. Silymarin exerts a chemopreventive effect by inducing intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and reactivating cell death pathways by modulation of the ratio of proapoptotic/antiapoptotic proteins and synergizing with agonists of death domains receptors. In summary, we highlight how silymarin may act as a chemopreventive agent and a chemosensitizer through multiple pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/9/2009silymarinsilybinchemopreventivechemosensitizerABC transportercell cycle |
| spellingShingle | Dominique Delmas Jianbo Xiao Anne Vejux Virginie Aires Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity Molecules silymarin silybin chemopreventive chemosensitizer ABC transporter cell cycle |
| title | Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity |
| title_full | Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity |
| title_fullStr | Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity |
| title_short | Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity |
| title_sort | silymarin and cancer a dual strategy in both in chemoprevention and chemosensitivity |
| topic | silymarin silybin chemopreventive chemosensitizer ABC transporter cell cycle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/9/2009 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dominiquedelmas silymarinandcanceradualstrategyinbothinchemopreventionandchemosensitivity AT jianboxiao silymarinandcanceradualstrategyinbothinchemopreventionandchemosensitivity AT annevejux silymarinandcanceradualstrategyinbothinchemopreventionandchemosensitivity AT virginieaires silymarinandcanceradualstrategyinbothinchemopreventionandchemosensitivity |