Proteins from toad’s parotoid macroglands: do they play a role in gland functioning and chemical defence?

Abstract Background Parotoid gland secretion of bufonid toads is a rich source of toxic molecules that are used against predators, parasites and pathogens. Bufadienolides and biogenic amines are the principal compounds responsible for toxicity of parotoid secretion. Many toxicological and pharmacolo...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Krzysztof Kowalski, Paweł Marciniak, Leszek Rychlik
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2023-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Zoology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-023-00499-8