Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands
<p>Drained peatlands are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide (<span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>) emissions globally. Emission reduction and, more generally, ecosystem restoration can be enhanced by raising the water table using canal or...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/4769/2020/bg-17-4769-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818958488445911040 |
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| author | I. Urzainki I. Urzainki A. Laurén M. Palviainen K. Haahti A. Budiman I. Basuki I. Basuki M. Netzer H. Hökkä |
| author_facet | I. Urzainki I. Urzainki A. Laurén M. Palviainen K. Haahti A. Budiman I. Basuki I. Basuki M. Netzer H. Hökkä |
| author_sort | I. Urzainki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Drained peatlands are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide (<span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>) emissions globally. Emission reduction and, more generally, ecosystem restoration can be enhanced by raising the water table using canal or drain blocks. When restoring large areas, the number of blocks becomes limited by the available resources, which raises the following question: in which exact positions should a given number of blocks be placed in order to maximize the water table rise throughout the area? There is neither a simple nor an analytic answer. The water table response is a complex phenomenon that depends on several factors, such as the topology of the canal network, site topography, peat hydraulic properties, vegetation characteristics and meteorological conditions. We developed a new method to position the canal blocks based on the combination of a hydrological model and heuristic optimization algorithms. We simulated 3 d dry downs from a water saturated initial state for different block positions using the Boussinesq equation, and the block configurations maximizing water table rise were searched for by means of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing. We applied this approach to a large drained peatland area (931 <span class="inline-formula">km<sup>2</sup></span>) in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our solution consistently outperformed traditional block locating methods, indicating that drained peatland restoration can be made more effective at the same cost by selecting the positions of the blocks using the presented scheme.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:26:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8742421debf34191acc7550fc9b54a9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:26:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8742421debf34191acc7550fc9b54a9d2022-12-21T19:42:21ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892020-10-01174769478410.5194/bg-17-4769-2020Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlandsI. Urzainki0I. Urzainki1A. Laurén2M. Palviainen3K. Haahti4A. Budiman5I. Basuki6I. Basuki7M. Netzer8H. Hökkä9Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, FinlandSchool of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, P.O. Box 111, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101 Joensuu, FinlandSchool of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, P.O. Box 111, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101 Joensuu, FinlandDepartment of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, FinlandWinrock International, 2121 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USAWinrock International, 2121 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16115, IndonesiaWinrock International, 2121 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USANatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland<p>Drained peatlands are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide (<span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>) emissions globally. Emission reduction and, more generally, ecosystem restoration can be enhanced by raising the water table using canal or drain blocks. When restoring large areas, the number of blocks becomes limited by the available resources, which raises the following question: in which exact positions should a given number of blocks be placed in order to maximize the water table rise throughout the area? There is neither a simple nor an analytic answer. The water table response is a complex phenomenon that depends on several factors, such as the topology of the canal network, site topography, peat hydraulic properties, vegetation characteristics and meteorological conditions. We developed a new method to position the canal blocks based on the combination of a hydrological model and heuristic optimization algorithms. We simulated 3 d dry downs from a water saturated initial state for different block positions using the Boussinesq equation, and the block configurations maximizing water table rise were searched for by means of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing. We applied this approach to a large drained peatland area (931 <span class="inline-formula">km<sup>2</sup></span>) in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our solution consistently outperformed traditional block locating methods, indicating that drained peatland restoration can be made more effective at the same cost by selecting the positions of the blocks using the presented scheme.</p>https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/4769/2020/bg-17-4769-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | I. Urzainki I. Urzainki A. Laurén M. Palviainen K. Haahti A. Budiman I. Basuki I. Basuki M. Netzer H. Hökkä Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands Biogeosciences |
| title | Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| title_full | Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| title_fullStr | Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| title_short | Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| title_sort | canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands |
| url | https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/4769/2020/bg-17-4769-2020.pdf |
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