Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS)
We present the first comprehensive release of photometric redshifts (photo - z 's) from the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) team. We use statistics based upon the Quantile–Quantile ( Q – Q ) plot to identify biases and signatures of underestimated or ove...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f12 |
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| author | Dritan Kodra Brett H. Andrews Jeffrey A. Newman Steven L. Finkelstein Adriano Fontana Nimish Hathi Mara Salvato Tommy Wiklind Stijn Wuyts Adam Broussard Nima Chartab Christopher Conselice M. C. Cooper Avishai Dekel Mark Dickinson Henry C. Ferguson Eric Gawiser Norman A. Grogin Kartheik Iyer Jeyhan Kartaltepe Susan Kassin Anton M. Koekemoer David C. Koo Ray A. Lucas Kameswara Bharadwaj Mantha Daniel H. McIntosh Bahram Mobasher Camilla Pacifici Pablo G. Pérez-González Paola Santini |
| author_facet | Dritan Kodra Brett H. Andrews Jeffrey A. Newman Steven L. Finkelstein Adriano Fontana Nimish Hathi Mara Salvato Tommy Wiklind Stijn Wuyts Adam Broussard Nima Chartab Christopher Conselice M. C. Cooper Avishai Dekel Mark Dickinson Henry C. Ferguson Eric Gawiser Norman A. Grogin Kartheik Iyer Jeyhan Kartaltepe Susan Kassin Anton M. Koekemoer David C. Koo Ray A. Lucas Kameswara Bharadwaj Mantha Daniel H. McIntosh Bahram Mobasher Camilla Pacifici Pablo G. Pérez-González Paola Santini |
| author_sort | Dritan Kodra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present the first comprehensive release of photometric redshifts (photo - z 's) from the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) team. We use statistics based upon the Quantile–Quantile ( Q – Q ) plot to identify biases and signatures of underestimated or overestimated errors in photo - z probability density functions (PDFs) produced by six groups in the collaboration; correcting for these effects makes the resulting PDFs better match the statistical definition of a PDF. After correcting each group’s PDF, we explore three methods of combining the different groups’ PDFs for a given object into a consensus curve. Two of these methods are based on identifying the minimum f -divergence curve, i.e., the PDF that is closest in aggregate to the other PDFs in a set (analogous to the median of an array of numbers). We demonstrate that these techniques yield improved results using sets of spectroscopic redshifts independent of those used to optimize PDF modifications. The best photo - z PDFs and point estimates are achieved with the minimum f -divergence using the best four PDFs for each object (mFDa4) and the hierarchical Bayesian (HB4) methods, respectively. The HB4 photo - z point estimates produced σ _NMAD = 0.0227/0.0189 and ∣Δ z /(1 + z )∣ > 0.15 outlier fraction = 0.067/0.019 for spectroscopic and 3D Hubble Space Telescope redshifts, respectively. Finally, we describe the structure and provide guidance for the use of the CANDELS photo - z catalogs, which are available at https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/candels/ . |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:37:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87621d242f504dc78cf9a538ef989525 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:37:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-87621d242f504dc78cf9a538ef9895252023-09-03T13:08:00ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0194213610.3847/1538-4357/ac9f12Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS)Dritan Kodra0Brett H. Andrews1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-5890Jeffrey A. Newman2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-2222Steven L. Finkelstein3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8519-1130Adriano Fontana4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-2823Nimish Hathi5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-5090Mara Salvato6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7116-9303Tommy Wiklind7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-8049Stijn Wuyts8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3735-1931Adam Broussard9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7767-5044Nima Chartab10https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-937XChristopher Conselice11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-7638M. C. Cooper12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1371-6019Avishai Dekel13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-0374Mark Dickinson14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-5131Henry C. Ferguson15https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-2738Eric Gawiser16https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1530-8713Norman A. Grogin17https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9440-8872Kartheik Iyer18https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9298-3523Jeyhan Kartaltepe19https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-3605Susan Kassin20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-8093Anton M. Koekemoer21https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-2048David C. Koo22https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3385-6799Ray A. Lucas23https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-7825Kameswara Bharadwaj Mantha24Daniel H. McIntosh25Bahram Mobasher26Camilla Pacifici27https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4196-0617Pablo G. Pérez-González28https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-5639Paola Santini29https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-8705Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA ; andrewsb@pitt.edu; Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA ; andrewsb@pitt.edu; Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA ; andrewsb@pitt.edu; Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USAOsservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via di Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Roma), ItalySpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAMax-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik , Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Catholic University of America , Washington DC 20064, USADepartment of Physics, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UKDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, CA 92697, USAJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester, UKCenter for Cosmology, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, 4129 Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USARacah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904, IsraelNSF’s NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, CanadaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The William H. Miller III Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAMinnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri , Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USACentro de Astrobiología, CAB/CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Torrejón a Ajalvir, km 4, E-28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, SpainOsservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via di Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Roma), ItalyWe present the first comprehensive release of photometric redshifts (photo - z 's) from the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) team. We use statistics based upon the Quantile–Quantile ( Q – Q ) plot to identify biases and signatures of underestimated or overestimated errors in photo - z probability density functions (PDFs) produced by six groups in the collaboration; correcting for these effects makes the resulting PDFs better match the statistical definition of a PDF. After correcting each group’s PDF, we explore three methods of combining the different groups’ PDFs for a given object into a consensus curve. Two of these methods are based on identifying the minimum f -divergence curve, i.e., the PDF that is closest in aggregate to the other PDFs in a set (analogous to the median of an array of numbers). We demonstrate that these techniques yield improved results using sets of spectroscopic redshifts independent of those used to optimize PDF modifications. The best photo - z PDFs and point estimates are achieved with the minimum f -divergence using the best four PDFs for each object (mFDa4) and the hierarchical Bayesian (HB4) methods, respectively. The HB4 photo - z point estimates produced σ _NMAD = 0.0227/0.0189 and ∣Δ z /(1 + z )∣ > 0.15 outlier fraction = 0.067/0.019 for spectroscopic and 3D Hubble Space Telescope redshifts, respectively. Finally, we describe the structure and provide guidance for the use of the CANDELS photo - z catalogs, which are available at https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/candels/ .https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f12Redshift surveysHierarchical modelsGalaxy distances |
| spellingShingle | Dritan Kodra Brett H. Andrews Jeffrey A. Newman Steven L. Finkelstein Adriano Fontana Nimish Hathi Mara Salvato Tommy Wiklind Stijn Wuyts Adam Broussard Nima Chartab Christopher Conselice M. C. Cooper Avishai Dekel Mark Dickinson Henry C. Ferguson Eric Gawiser Norman A. Grogin Kartheik Iyer Jeyhan Kartaltepe Susan Kassin Anton M. Koekemoer David C. Koo Ray A. Lucas Kameswara Bharadwaj Mantha Daniel H. McIntosh Bahram Mobasher Camilla Pacifici Pablo G. Pérez-González Paola Santini Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) The Astrophysical Journal Redshift surveys Hierarchical models Galaxy distances |
| title | Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) |
| title_full | Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) |
| title_fullStr | Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) |
| title_short | Optimized Photometric Redshifts for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) |
| title_sort | optimized photometric redshifts for the cosmic assembly near infrared deep extragalactic legacy survey candels |
| topic | Redshift surveys Hierarchical models Galaxy distances |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f12 |
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