Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag
Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules (due to their high content of this element), contain various valuable metals such as Cu, Ni and Co. These seabed minerals are a good alternative source of Co and Mn due to the decrease in the grade of mineral deposits on the earth’s surface. For th...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/6/1079 |
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| author | Kevin Pérez Norman Toro Pedro Robles Sandra Gallegos Edelmira Gálvez Francisco Javier González Egidio Marino Pía C. Hernández |
| author_facet | Kevin Pérez Norman Toro Pedro Robles Sandra Gallegos Edelmira Gálvez Francisco Javier González Egidio Marino Pía C. Hernández |
| author_sort | Kevin Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules (due to their high content of this element), contain various valuable metals such as Cu, Ni and Co. These seabed minerals are a good alternative source of Co and Mn due to the decrease in the grade of mineral deposits on the earth’s surface. For the treatment of manganese nodules, acid-reducing leaching is apparently the most attractive, due to its low cost compared to other processes, short operational times, and it is more friendly to the environment. In this investigation, the extraction of Mn and Co from manganese nodules from two different locations was studied in acid media and by reusing a steel slag obtained from a steel smelting process. An ANOVA analysis was performed to determine the most appropriate Manganese Nodule/Fe<sub>(res)</sub> ratio and time to dissolve Co and Mn from the nodules. Effect of temperature on the process was evaluated, and then a residue analysis was carried out. Finally, it was discovered that the best results were obtained when working at 60 °C in a time of 15 min, obtaining extractions of approximately 98% Mn and 55% Co. Additionally, the formation of polluting elements was not observed, nor the precipitation of Mn and Co species in the studied residues. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:09:24Z |
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| id | doaj.art-876658db931b4a6197a7ea48c762199d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:09:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-876658db931b4a6197a7ea48c762199d2023-11-18T11:36:30ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-06-01136107910.3390/met13061079Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical SlagKevin Pérez0Norman Toro1Pedro Robles2Sandra Gallegos3Edelmira Gálvez4Francisco Javier González5Egidio Marino6Pía C. Hernández7Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1240000, ChileFaculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileFaculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Minas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, ChileInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1240000, ChilePolymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules (due to their high content of this element), contain various valuable metals such as Cu, Ni and Co. These seabed minerals are a good alternative source of Co and Mn due to the decrease in the grade of mineral deposits on the earth’s surface. For the treatment of manganese nodules, acid-reducing leaching is apparently the most attractive, due to its low cost compared to other processes, short operational times, and it is more friendly to the environment. In this investigation, the extraction of Mn and Co from manganese nodules from two different locations was studied in acid media and by reusing a steel slag obtained from a steel smelting process. An ANOVA analysis was performed to determine the most appropriate Manganese Nodule/Fe<sub>(res)</sub> ratio and time to dissolve Co and Mn from the nodules. Effect of temperature on the process was evaluated, and then a residue analysis was carried out. Finally, it was discovered that the best results were obtained when working at 60 °C in a time of 15 min, obtaining extractions of approximately 98% Mn and 55% Co. Additionally, the formation of polluting elements was not observed, nor the precipitation of Mn and Co species in the studied residues.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/6/1079marine nodulescobaltmanganeseleachingiron slag |
| spellingShingle | Kevin Pérez Norman Toro Pedro Robles Sandra Gallegos Edelmira Gálvez Francisco Javier González Egidio Marino Pía C. Hernández Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag Metals marine nodules cobalt manganese leaching iron slag |
| title | Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag |
| title_full | Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag |
| title_fullStr | Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag |
| title_short | Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag |
| title_sort | cobalt and manganese extraction from ocean nodules by co processing with steel metallurgical slag |
| topic | marine nodules cobalt manganese leaching iron slag |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/6/1079 |
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