The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech
Abstract Background Povidone-Iodine (PI) may be diluted when used as an antiseptic prior to an intravitreal injection in an attempt to decrease patient discomfort. This study aims to investigate the effect of diluting povidone-iodine (PI) on bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associat...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1066-5 |
| _version_ | 1818066296311382016 |
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| author | Sivashanth Gnanasekaran Sophie Rogers Sanj Wickremasinghe Sukhpal S. Sandhu |
| author_facet | Sivashanth Gnanasekaran Sophie Rogers Sanj Wickremasinghe Sukhpal S. Sandhu |
| author_sort | Sivashanth Gnanasekaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Povidone-Iodine (PI) may be diluted when used as an antiseptic prior to an intravitreal injection in an attempt to decrease patient discomfort. This study aims to investigate the effect of diluting povidone-iodine (PI) on bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associated with speech. Methods Participants read a standardised script for 5 min over a blood agar plate positioned at 20 cm in a simulated position of an intravitreal injection procedure. The blood agar plates were subject to a randomised pre-application of 1% PI; 2.5% PI; 5% PI and no pre-application (control). The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 72 h and the number of Colony Forming Units (CFUs) was determined. CFUs were summarised as median and interquartile range (IQR). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to assess pairwise comparisons of the various PI concentrations to the control group. Any trend across PI concentration was assessed using Kendall’s tau rank correlation. Results Twenty-one subjects participated. Control plates had a median growth of 25 CFUs (interquartile range [IQR]:15–40), 1% PI plates had a median growth of 30 CFUs (IQR:15–82), 2.5% PI had a median growth of 18 CFUs (IQR:10–32) and 5% PI had a median growth of 2 CFUs (IQR:0–5). There was significantly less bacterial growth with 5% PI compared to control (P < 0.001). Bacterial growth at 2.5% PI and 1% PI did not differ significantly from control. There was a statistically significant trend for decreasing colony count as PI concentration increased (P < 0.001). Conclusions PI concentrations less than 5% are not effective at reducing bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associated with speech. When using PI for pre-injection antisepsis, concentrations below 5% should be avoided. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:05:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87722893d4f3461587e2e73489133997 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:05:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-87722893d4f3461587e2e734891339972022-12-22T01:44:03ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152019-02-011911510.1186/s12886-019-1066-5The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speechSivashanth Gnanasekaran0Sophie Rogers1Sanj Wickremasinghe2Sukhpal S. Sandhu3Centre For Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of MelbourneCentre For Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of MelbourneCentre For Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of MelbourneCentre For Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of MelbourneAbstract Background Povidone-Iodine (PI) may be diluted when used as an antiseptic prior to an intravitreal injection in an attempt to decrease patient discomfort. This study aims to investigate the effect of diluting povidone-iodine (PI) on bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associated with speech. Methods Participants read a standardised script for 5 min over a blood agar plate positioned at 20 cm in a simulated position of an intravitreal injection procedure. The blood agar plates were subject to a randomised pre-application of 1% PI; 2.5% PI; 5% PI and no pre-application (control). The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 72 h and the number of Colony Forming Units (CFUs) was determined. CFUs were summarised as median and interquartile range (IQR). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to assess pairwise comparisons of the various PI concentrations to the control group. Any trend across PI concentration was assessed using Kendall’s tau rank correlation. Results Twenty-one subjects participated. Control plates had a median growth of 25 CFUs (interquartile range [IQR]:15–40), 1% PI plates had a median growth of 30 CFUs (IQR:15–82), 2.5% PI had a median growth of 18 CFUs (IQR:10–32) and 5% PI had a median growth of 2 CFUs (IQR:0–5). There was significantly less bacterial growth with 5% PI compared to control (P < 0.001). Bacterial growth at 2.5% PI and 1% PI did not differ significantly from control. There was a statistically significant trend for decreasing colony count as PI concentration increased (P < 0.001). Conclusions PI concentrations less than 5% are not effective at reducing bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associated with speech. When using PI for pre-injection antisepsis, concentrations below 5% should be avoided.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1066-5Anti-VEGFEndophthalmitisIntravitreal injectionPovidone-iodinePre-injection antisepsis |
| spellingShingle | Sivashanth Gnanasekaran Sophie Rogers Sanj Wickremasinghe Sukhpal S. Sandhu The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech BMC Ophthalmology Anti-VEGF Endophthalmitis Intravitreal injection Povidone-iodine Pre-injection antisepsis |
| title | The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| title_full | The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| title_fullStr | The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| title_short | The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| title_sort | effect of diluting povidone iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech |
| topic | Anti-VEGF Endophthalmitis Intravitreal injection Povidone-iodine Pre-injection antisepsis |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1066-5 |
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