Effector Sntf2 Interacted with Chloroplast-Related Protein Mdycf39 Promoting the Colonization of <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> in Apple Leaf
Glomerella leaf spot of apple, caused by <i>Colletotrichum</i><i>gloeosporioides</i>, is a devastating disease that leads to severe defoliation and fruit spots. The <i>Colletotrichum</i> species secretes a series of effectors to manipulate the host’s immune respon...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/12/6379 |
| Summary: | Glomerella leaf spot of apple, caused by <i>Colletotrichum</i><i>gloeosporioides</i>, is a devastating disease that leads to severe defoliation and fruit spots. The <i>Colletotrichum</i> species secretes a series of effectors to manipulate the host’s immune response, facilitating its colonization in plants. However, the mechanism by which the effector of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> inhibits the defenses of the host remains unclear. In this study, we reported a novel effector Sntf2 of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. The transient expression of <i>S</i><i>NTF2</i> inhibits BAX-induced cell death in tobacco plants. Sntf2 suppresses plant defense responses by reducing callose deposition and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation. <i>SNTF2</i> is upregulated during infection, and its deletion reduces virulence to the plant. Sntf2 is localized to the chloroplasts and interacts with Mdycf39 (a chloroplast PSII assembly factor) in apple leaves. The <i>Mdycf39</i> overexpression line increases susceptibility to <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>, whereas the <i>Mdycf39</i> transgenic silent line does not grow normally with pale white leaves, indicating that Sntf2 disturbs plant defense responses and growth by targeting Mdycf39. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |