Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Vaccines against this disease have demonstrated variable efficacy and safety, although effectiveness has not been evaluated. In February 2021, the Ministry of Health of Peru approved the emergency use of the inactivated SARS-CoV-...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1318 |
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| author | Maria Edith Solis-Castro Alex Jaramillo-Corrales Rommell Veintimilla Gonzalez Seminario Noemi Janampa Grados Idania Edith Mamani Pilco Karina Elizabeth Vargas Quispe Lenin Yonel La Torre Rosillo Mario Neyser Vásquez Dominguez David Teodoro Enriquez Cusi Percy Minaya Karim Jacqueline Pardo Ruiz Cristian Díaz-Vélez Vannesa A. Pachas Ricardo Wesley Alberca Paul E. Pachas |
| author_facet | Maria Edith Solis-Castro Alex Jaramillo-Corrales Rommell Veintimilla Gonzalez Seminario Noemi Janampa Grados Idania Edith Mamani Pilco Karina Elizabeth Vargas Quispe Lenin Yonel La Torre Rosillo Mario Neyser Vásquez Dominguez David Teodoro Enriquez Cusi Percy Minaya Karim Jacqueline Pardo Ruiz Cristian Díaz-Vélez Vannesa A. Pachas Ricardo Wesley Alberca Paul E. Pachas |
| author_sort | Maria Edith Solis-Castro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Vaccines against this disease have demonstrated variable efficacy and safety, although effectiveness has not been evaluated. In February 2021, the Ministry of Health of Peru approved the emergency use of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) vaccine and initiated vaccination with health personnel at the national level. The objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of this vaccine to reduce infections, hospitalizations, and deaths due to COVID-19. Methodology: We performed a retrospective cohort study in the period from 23 February to 26 June 2021; data were obtained from the Ministry of Health (including demographic, epidemiologic, clinical, hospital, laboratory results, deaths, and both date and quantity of vaccine doses delivered). The exposed cohort were those who received one or two vaccine doses and the non-exposed were unvaccinated. The events studied were infections, hospitalizations and deaths in the cohorts. We consider a case confirmed for COVID-19 if the test result was positive for SARS-CoV-2, via PCR or antigen test. Effectiveness was measured with incidence density ratio and risk. Confounding factors were controlled using a Poisson model with robust variance. Results: We enlisted 520,733 health workers, of whom 415,212 had two vaccine doses and 105,521 were unvaccinated. The median age was 40 years (IQR: 32–50), and 65.6% were female. The effectiveness of two vaccine doses fourteen days after application adjusted by age, sex, hospitalization, and antecedent of having the infection was 90.9% (95% CI: 85.5–94.2%); effectiveness to avoid death from COVID-19; 67.7% (60.1–73.8%) effectiveness to avoid hospitalizations; and 26.3% (23.8–28.6%) effectiveness to reduce the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 relative to the unvaccinated cohort. Conclusions: The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) vaccine used in two doses has an acceptable effectiveness against death and risk of hospitalization, whereas it has less effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:23:31Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:23:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-8789c6e96ce64b859e0fb16989b3f00c2023-11-23T17:22:05ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-08-01129131810.3390/life12091318Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health WorkersMaria Edith Solis-Castro0Alex Jaramillo-Corrales1Rommell Veintimilla Gonzalez Seminario2Noemi Janampa Grados3Idania Edith Mamani Pilco4Karina Elizabeth Vargas Quispe5Lenin Yonel La Torre Rosillo6Mario Neyser Vásquez Dominguez7David Teodoro Enriquez Cusi8Percy Minaya9Karim Jacqueline Pardo Ruiz10Cristian Díaz-Vélez11Vannesa A. Pachas12Ricardo Wesley Alberca13Paul E. Pachas14Departamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes 24001, PeruEscuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, PeruDepartamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes 24001, PeruCentro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades CDC-Perú, Lima 15072, PeruHospital Regional Moquegua, Moquegua 18601, PeruCentro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades CDC-Perú, Lima 15072, PeruRed de Salud Bagua, Jr. Ayacucho s/n cdra N° 1, Bagua, Amazonas 01721, PeruCentro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades CDC-Perú, Lima 15072, PeruCentro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades CDC-Perú, Lima 15072, PeruInstituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Ministerio de Salud, Lima 15001, PeruFacultad de Medicina, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, PeruInstituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación, EsSalud, Lima 14072, PeruEscuela Profesional de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos de Lima, Lima 15081, PeruLaboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias (LIM-56), Departamento de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Institute de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, BrazilInstituto Nacional de Salud-Perú, Lima 15072, PeruIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Vaccines against this disease have demonstrated variable efficacy and safety, although effectiveness has not been evaluated. In February 2021, the Ministry of Health of Peru approved the emergency use of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) vaccine and initiated vaccination with health personnel at the national level. The objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of this vaccine to reduce infections, hospitalizations, and deaths due to COVID-19. Methodology: We performed a retrospective cohort study in the period from 23 February to 26 June 2021; data were obtained from the Ministry of Health (including demographic, epidemiologic, clinical, hospital, laboratory results, deaths, and both date and quantity of vaccine doses delivered). The exposed cohort were those who received one or two vaccine doses and the non-exposed were unvaccinated. The events studied were infections, hospitalizations and deaths in the cohorts. We consider a case confirmed for COVID-19 if the test result was positive for SARS-CoV-2, via PCR or antigen test. Effectiveness was measured with incidence density ratio and risk. Confounding factors were controlled using a Poisson model with robust variance. Results: We enlisted 520,733 health workers, of whom 415,212 had two vaccine doses and 105,521 were unvaccinated. The median age was 40 years (IQR: 32–50), and 65.6% were female. The effectiveness of two vaccine doses fourteen days after application adjusted by age, sex, hospitalization, and antecedent of having the infection was 90.9% (95% CI: 85.5–94.2%); effectiveness to avoid death from COVID-19; 67.7% (60.1–73.8%) effectiveness to avoid hospitalizations; and 26.3% (23.8–28.6%) effectiveness to reduce the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 relative to the unvaccinated cohort. Conclusions: The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) vaccine used in two doses has an acceptable effectiveness against death and risk of hospitalization, whereas it has less effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1318vaccineeffectivenessSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Maria Edith Solis-Castro Alex Jaramillo-Corrales Rommell Veintimilla Gonzalez Seminario Noemi Janampa Grados Idania Edith Mamani Pilco Karina Elizabeth Vargas Quispe Lenin Yonel La Torre Rosillo Mario Neyser Vásquez Dominguez David Teodoro Enriquez Cusi Percy Minaya Karim Jacqueline Pardo Ruiz Cristian Díaz-Vélez Vannesa A. Pachas Ricardo Wesley Alberca Paul E. Pachas Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers Life vaccine effectiveness SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 |
| title | Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers |
| title_full | Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers |
| title_short | Effectiveness of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell) Vaccine in Peruvian Health Workers |
| title_sort | effectiveness of the inactivated sars cov 2 vero cell vaccine in peruvian health workers |
| topic | vaccine effectiveness SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1318 |
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