Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), which was discovered as a milk‑transmitted, infectious cancer-inducing agent in the 1930s, has been used since that time as an animal model for the study of human breast cancer. Like other complex retroviruses, MMTV encodes a number of accessory proteins that both f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2010-09-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/2/9/2000/ |
| _version_ | 1811246249212379136 |
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| author | Susan R. Ross |
| author_facet | Susan R. Ross |
| author_sort | Susan R. Ross |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), which was discovered as a milk‑transmitted, infectious cancer-inducing agent in the 1930s, has been used since that time as an animal model for the study of human breast cancer. Like other complex retroviruses, MMTV encodes a number of accessory proteins that both facilitate infection and affect host immune response. In vivo, the virus predominantly infects lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells. High level infection of mammary epithelial cells ensures efficient passage of virus to the next generation. It also results in mammary tumor induction, since the MMTV provirus integrates into the mammary epithelial cell genome during viral replication and activates cellular oncogene expression. Thus, mammary tumor induction is a by-product of the infection cycle. A number of important oncogenes have been discovered by carrying out MMTV integration site analysis, some of which may play a role in human breast cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:50:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-878d2026b3ef44bbb19c0344aa1b909b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:50:49Z |
| publishDate | 2010-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-878d2026b3ef44bbb19c0344aa1b909b2022-12-22T03:28:27ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152010-09-01292000201210.3390/v2092000Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and OncogenesisSusan R. RossMouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), which was discovered as a milk‑transmitted, infectious cancer-inducing agent in the 1930s, has been used since that time as an animal model for the study of human breast cancer. Like other complex retroviruses, MMTV encodes a number of accessory proteins that both facilitate infection and affect host immune response. In vivo, the virus predominantly infects lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells. High level infection of mammary epithelial cells ensures efficient passage of virus to the next generation. It also results in mammary tumor induction, since the MMTV provirus integrates into the mammary epithelial cell genome during viral replication and activates cellular oncogene expression. Thus, mammary tumor induction is a by-product of the infection cycle. A number of important oncogenes have been discovered by carrying out MMTV integration site analysis, some of which may play a role in human breast cancer.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/2/9/2000/milk-borne virussuperantigenintrinsic immunityCISbreast cancer |
| spellingShingle | Susan R. Ross Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis Viruses milk-borne virus superantigen intrinsic immunity CIS breast cancer |
| title | Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis |
| title_full | Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis |
| title_short | Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis |
| title_sort | mouse mammary tumor virus molecular biology and oncogenesis |
| topic | milk-borne virus superantigen intrinsic immunity CIS breast cancer |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/2/9/2000/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT susanrross mousemammarytumorvirusmolecularbiologyandoncogenesis |