Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response
Self-propulsion and navigation due to the sensing of environmental conditions—such as durotaxis and chemotaxis—are remarkable properties of biological cells that cannot be modeled by single-component self-propelled particles. Therefore, we introduce and study ‘flexocytes’, deformable vesicles with e...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab5c70 |
| _version_ | 1797750357937356800 |
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| author | Clara Abaurrea-Velasco Thorsten Auth Gerhard Gompper |
| author_facet | Clara Abaurrea-Velasco Thorsten Auth Gerhard Gompper |
| author_sort | Clara Abaurrea-Velasco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Self-propulsion and navigation due to the sensing of environmental conditions—such as durotaxis and chemotaxis—are remarkable properties of biological cells that cannot be modeled by single-component self-propelled particles. Therefore, we introduce and study ‘flexocytes’, deformable vesicles with enclosed attached self-propelled pushing and pulling filaments that align due to steric and membrane-mediated interactions. Using computer simulations in two dimensions, we show that the membrane deforms under the propulsion forces and forms shapes mimicking motile biological cells, such as keratocytes and neutrophils. When interacting with walls or with interfaces between different substrates, the internal structure of a flexocyte reorganizes, resulting in a preferred angle of reflection or deflection, respectively. We predict a correlation between motility patterns, shapes, characteristics of the internal forces, and the response to micropatterned substrates and external stimuli. We propose that engineered flexocytes with desired mechanosensitive capabilities enable the construction of soft-matter microbots. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:32:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87941e302e3840759c4a5876038f0dd3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:32:33Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-87941e302e3840759c4a5876038f0dd32023-08-08T15:26:46ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302019-01-01211212302410.1088/1367-2630/ab5c70Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical responseClara Abaurrea-Velasco0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9673-5233Thorsten Auth1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-2316Gerhard Gompper2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-0986Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation , Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanyTheoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation , Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanyTheoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation , Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanySelf-propulsion and navigation due to the sensing of environmental conditions—such as durotaxis and chemotaxis—are remarkable properties of biological cells that cannot be modeled by single-component self-propelled particles. Therefore, we introduce and study ‘flexocytes’, deformable vesicles with enclosed attached self-propelled pushing and pulling filaments that align due to steric and membrane-mediated interactions. Using computer simulations in two dimensions, we show that the membrane deforms under the propulsion forces and forms shapes mimicking motile biological cells, such as keratocytes and neutrophils. When interacting with walls or with interfaces between different substrates, the internal structure of a flexocyte reorganizes, resulting in a preferred angle of reflection or deflection, respectively. We predict a correlation between motility patterns, shapes, characteristics of the internal forces, and the response to micropatterned substrates and external stimuli. We propose that engineered flexocytes with desired mechanosensitive capabilities enable the construction of soft-matter microbots.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab5c70active mattercell motilityself-propelled particlescollective behaviormechanosensingdynamical phase transitions |
| spellingShingle | Clara Abaurrea-Velasco Thorsten Auth Gerhard Gompper Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response New Journal of Physics active matter cell motility self-propelled particles collective behavior mechanosensing dynamical phase transitions |
| title | Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response |
| title_full | Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response |
| title_fullStr | Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response |
| title_short | Vesicles with internal active filaments: self-organized propulsion controls shape, motility, and dynamical response |
| title_sort | vesicles with internal active filaments self organized propulsion controls shape motility and dynamical response |
| topic | active matter cell motility self-propelled particles collective behavior mechanosensing dynamical phase transitions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab5c70 |
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