Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is an important risk factor for developing gastric cancer. However, only a few <i>H. pylori</i>-infected people develop gastric cancer. Thus, other risk factors aside from <i>H. pylori</i> infection may be involved in gastric c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2495 |
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| author | Hinako Ojima Sakiko Kuraoka Shyoutarou Okanoue Hiroyuki Okada Kazuyoshi Gotoh Osamu Matsushita Akari Watanabe Kenji Yokota |
| author_facet | Hinako Ojima Sakiko Kuraoka Shyoutarou Okanoue Hiroyuki Okada Kazuyoshi Gotoh Osamu Matsushita Akari Watanabe Kenji Yokota |
| author_sort | Hinako Ojima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is an important risk factor for developing gastric cancer. However, only a few <i>H. pylori</i>-infected people develop gastric cancer. Thus, other risk factors aside from <i>H. pylori</i> infection may be involved in gastric cancer development. This study aimed to investigate whether the nitrate-reducing bacteria isolated from patients with atrophic gastritis caused by <i>H. pylori</i> infection are risk factors for developing atrophic gastritis and gastric neoplasia. Nitrate-reducing bacteria were isolated from patients with atrophic gastritis caused by <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Among the isolated bacteria, <i>Actinomyces oris</i>, <i>Actinomyces odontolyticus</i>, <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i>, and <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i> were used in the subsequent experiments. Cytokine inducibility was evaluated in monocytic cells, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and cell cycle were assessed in the gastric epithelial cells. The cytotoxicities and neutrophil-inducing abilities of the <i>Actinomyces</i> and <i>Rothia</i> species were enhanced when cocultured with <i>H. pylori</i>. Th1/Th2-related cytokines were also expressed, but their expression levels differed depending on the bacterial species. Moreover, <i>H. pylori</i> and <i>Actinomyces</i> activated MAPK (ERK and p38) and affected cell cycle progression. Some nitrate-reducing bacteria cocultured with <i>H. pylori</i> may promote inflammation and atrophy by inducing cytokine production. In addition, the MAPK activation and cell cycle progression caused by these bacteria can contribute to gastric cancer development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:04:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-879f4edba0da4149a9b0666535212e8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:04:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-879f4edba0da4149a9b0666535212e8d2023-11-24T16:50:04ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-12-011012249510.3390/microorganisms10122495Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on CellsHinako Ojima0Sakiko Kuraoka1Shyoutarou Okanoue2Hiroyuki Okada3Kazuyoshi Gotoh4Osamu Matsushita5Akari Watanabe6Kenji Yokota7Department of Bacteriology, Academic Field of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Field of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Field of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, JapanHimeji Red Cross Hospital, Himeji 670-8540, JapanDepartment of Bacteriology, Academic Field of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, JapanDepartment of Bacteriology, Academic Field of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, JapanDepartment of Oral Health Care and Rehabilitation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-0042, JapanDepartment of Bacteriology, Academic Field of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is an important risk factor for developing gastric cancer. However, only a few <i>H. pylori</i>-infected people develop gastric cancer. Thus, other risk factors aside from <i>H. pylori</i> infection may be involved in gastric cancer development. This study aimed to investigate whether the nitrate-reducing bacteria isolated from patients with atrophic gastritis caused by <i>H. pylori</i> infection are risk factors for developing atrophic gastritis and gastric neoplasia. Nitrate-reducing bacteria were isolated from patients with atrophic gastritis caused by <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Among the isolated bacteria, <i>Actinomyces oris</i>, <i>Actinomyces odontolyticus</i>, <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i>, and <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i> were used in the subsequent experiments. Cytokine inducibility was evaluated in monocytic cells, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and cell cycle were assessed in the gastric epithelial cells. The cytotoxicities and neutrophil-inducing abilities of the <i>Actinomyces</i> and <i>Rothia</i> species were enhanced when cocultured with <i>H. pylori</i>. Th1/Th2-related cytokines were also expressed, but their expression levels differed depending on the bacterial species. Moreover, <i>H. pylori</i> and <i>Actinomyces</i> activated MAPK (ERK and p38) and affected cell cycle progression. Some nitrate-reducing bacteria cocultured with <i>H. pylori</i> may promote inflammation and atrophy by inducing cytokine production. In addition, the MAPK activation and cell cycle progression caused by these bacteria can contribute to gastric cancer development.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2495<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>nitrate-reducing bacteriaIL-8TNF-αcell cycle |
| spellingShingle | Hinako Ojima Sakiko Kuraoka Shyoutarou Okanoue Hiroyuki Okada Kazuyoshi Gotoh Osamu Matsushita Akari Watanabe Kenji Yokota Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells Microorganisms <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> nitrate-reducing bacteria IL-8 TNF-α cell cycle |
| title | Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria Coculture on Cells |
| title_sort | effects of i helicobacter pylori i and nitrate reducing bacteria coculture on cells |
| topic | <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> nitrate-reducing bacteria IL-8 TNF-α cell cycle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2495 |
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