Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building
Outrigger systems have been used to control the lateral displacement of tall buildings. Reinforced concrete (R.C.) outrigger walls with openings can be used to replace conventional steel outrigger trusses. In this paper, a structural model for an R.C. outrigger wall with multiple openings was propos...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-11-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/22/4913 |
| _version_ | 1829099814743179264 |
|---|---|
| author | Han-Soo Kim Yi-Tao Huang Hui-Jing Jin |
| author_facet | Han-Soo Kim Yi-Tao Huang Hui-Jing Jin |
| author_sort | Han-Soo Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Outrigger systems have been used to control the lateral displacement of tall buildings. Reinforced concrete (R.C.) outrigger walls with openings can be used to replace conventional steel outrigger trusses. In this paper, a structural model for an R.C. outrigger wall with multiple openings was proposed, and the effects of the multiple openings on the stiffness and strength of the outrigger walls were evaluated. The equivalent bending stiffness of the outrigger wall was derived to predict the lateral displacement at the top of tall buildings and internal shear force developed in the wall. The openings for the passageway in the wall were designed by the strut-and-tie model. The stiffness and strength of the outrigger wall with multiple openings was analyzed by the nonlinear finite element analysis. Taking into consideration the degradation in stiffness and strength, the ratio of the opening area to the outrigger wall area is recommended to be less than 20%. The degradation of stiffness due to openings does not affect the structural performance of the outrigger system when the outrigger has already large stiffness as the case of reinforced concrete outrigger walls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:24:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87ac7e8e0dca43bfa6de3f6c9163fa7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:24:27Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-87ac7e8e0dca43bfa6de3f6c9163fa7e2022-12-22T01:31:13ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-11-01922491310.3390/app9224913app9224913Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall BuildingHan-Soo Kim0Yi-Tao Huang1Hui-Jing Jin2Department of Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaOutrigger systems have been used to control the lateral displacement of tall buildings. Reinforced concrete (R.C.) outrigger walls with openings can be used to replace conventional steel outrigger trusses. In this paper, a structural model for an R.C. outrigger wall with multiple openings was proposed, and the effects of the multiple openings on the stiffness and strength of the outrigger walls were evaluated. The equivalent bending stiffness of the outrigger wall was derived to predict the lateral displacement at the top of tall buildings and internal shear force developed in the wall. The openings for the passageway in the wall were designed by the strut-and-tie model. The stiffness and strength of the outrigger wall with multiple openings was analyzed by the nonlinear finite element analysis. Taking into consideration the degradation in stiffness and strength, the ratio of the opening area to the outrigger wall area is recommended to be less than 20%. The degradation of stiffness due to openings does not affect the structural performance of the outrigger system when the outrigger has already large stiffness as the case of reinforced concrete outrigger walls.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/22/4913outrigger wallmultiple openingsdeep beamstiffnessshear strengthtall building |
| spellingShingle | Han-Soo Kim Yi-Tao Huang Hui-Jing Jin Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building Applied Sciences outrigger wall multiple openings deep beam stiffness shear strength tall building |
| title | Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building |
| title_full | Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building |
| title_short | Influence of Multiple Openings on Reinforced Concrete Outrigger Walls in a Tall Building |
| title_sort | influence of multiple openings on reinforced concrete outrigger walls in a tall building |
| topic | outrigger wall multiple openings deep beam stiffness shear strength tall building |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/22/4913 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hansookim influenceofmultipleopeningsonreinforcedconcreteoutriggerwallsinatallbuilding AT yitaohuang influenceofmultipleopeningsonreinforcedconcreteoutriggerwallsinatallbuilding AT huijingjin influenceofmultipleopeningsonreinforcedconcreteoutriggerwallsinatallbuilding |