High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes
Hyperglycemia is considered a threat for cell homeostasis, as it is associated to oxidative stress (OS). As erythrocytes are continuously exposed to OS, this study was conceived to verify the impact of either diabetic conditions attested to by glycated hemoglobin (Hb) levels (>6.5% or higher) or...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/5/365 |
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| author | Rossana Morabito Alessia Remigante Sara Spinelli Giulia Vitale Vincenzo Trichilo Saverio Loddo Angela Marino |
| author_facet | Rossana Morabito Alessia Remigante Sara Spinelli Giulia Vitale Vincenzo Trichilo Saverio Loddo Angela Marino |
| author_sort | Rossana Morabito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hyperglycemia is considered a threat for cell homeostasis, as it is associated to oxidative stress (OS). As erythrocytes are continuously exposed to OS, this study was conceived to verify the impact of either diabetic conditions attested to by glycated hemoglobin (Hb) levels (>6.5% or higher) or treatment with high glucose (15–35 mM, for 24 h) on erythrocyte homeostasis. To this aim, anion exchange capability through the Band 3 protein (B3p) was monitored by the rate constant for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> uptake. Thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), membrane sulfhydryl groups mostly belonging to B3p, glutathione reduced (GSH) levels, and B3p expression levels were also evaluated. The rate constant for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> uptake (0.063 ± 0.001 min<sup>−1</sup>, 16 min in healthy volunteers) was accelerated in erythrocytes from diabetic volunteers (0.113 ± 0.001 min<sup>−1</sup>, 9 min) and after exposure to high glucose (0.129 ± 0.001in<sup>−1</sup>, 7 min), but only in diabetic volunteers was there an increase in TBARS levels and oxidation of membrane sulfhydryl groups, and a decrease in both GSH and B3p expression levels was observed. A combined effect due to the glycated Hb and OS may explain what was observed in diabetic erythrocytes, while in in vitro hyperglycemia, early OS could explain B3p anion exchange capability alterations as proven by the use of melatonin. Finally, measurement of B3p anion exchange capability is a suitable tool to monitor the impact of hyperglycemia on erythrocytes homeostasis, being the first line of high glucose impact before Hb glycation. Melatonin may be useful to counteract hyperglycemia-induced OS at the B3p level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:11:34Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:11:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-87bcbd2f854d44ab8dae30b3b4e0ada22023-11-19T22:53:06ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-04-019536510.3390/antiox9050365High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human ErythrocytesRossana Morabito0Alessia Remigante1Sara Spinelli2Giulia Vitale3Vincenzo Trichilo4Saverio Loddo5Angela Marino6Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31-98166, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31-98166, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31-98166, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31-98166, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOU Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria-98125, 98124 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOU Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria-98125, 98124 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31-98166, 98122 Messina, ItalyHyperglycemia is considered a threat for cell homeostasis, as it is associated to oxidative stress (OS). As erythrocytes are continuously exposed to OS, this study was conceived to verify the impact of either diabetic conditions attested to by glycated hemoglobin (Hb) levels (>6.5% or higher) or treatment with high glucose (15–35 mM, for 24 h) on erythrocyte homeostasis. To this aim, anion exchange capability through the Band 3 protein (B3p) was monitored by the rate constant for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> uptake. Thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), membrane sulfhydryl groups mostly belonging to B3p, glutathione reduced (GSH) levels, and B3p expression levels were also evaluated. The rate constant for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> uptake (0.063 ± 0.001 min<sup>−1</sup>, 16 min in healthy volunteers) was accelerated in erythrocytes from diabetic volunteers (0.113 ± 0.001 min<sup>−1</sup>, 9 min) and after exposure to high glucose (0.129 ± 0.001in<sup>−1</sup>, 7 min), but only in diabetic volunteers was there an increase in TBARS levels and oxidation of membrane sulfhydryl groups, and a decrease in both GSH and B3p expression levels was observed. A combined effect due to the glycated Hb and OS may explain what was observed in diabetic erythrocytes, while in in vitro hyperglycemia, early OS could explain B3p anion exchange capability alterations as proven by the use of melatonin. Finally, measurement of B3p anion exchange capability is a suitable tool to monitor the impact of hyperglycemia on erythrocytes homeostasis, being the first line of high glucose impact before Hb glycation. Melatonin may be useful to counteract hyperglycemia-induced OS at the B3p level.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/5/365diabetesglucose exposureoxidative stressBand 3 proteinerythrocytesSO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> |
| spellingShingle | Rossana Morabito Alessia Remigante Sara Spinelli Giulia Vitale Vincenzo Trichilo Saverio Loddo Angela Marino High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes Antioxidants diabetes glucose exposure oxidative stress Band 3 protein erythrocytes SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> |
| title | High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes |
| title_full | High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes |
| title_fullStr | High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes |
| title_short | High Glucose Concentrations Affect Band 3 Protein in Human Erythrocytes |
| title_sort | high glucose concentrations affect band 3 protein in human erythrocytes |
| topic | diabetes glucose exposure oxidative stress Band 3 protein erythrocytes SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/5/365 |
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