Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India
Agro-ecological resource use pattern in a traditional hill agricultural watershed in Garhwal Himalaya was analysed along an altitudinal transect. Thirty one food crops were found, although only 0.5% agriculture land is under irrigation in the area. Fifteen different tree species within agroforestry...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kassel University Press
2011-12-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jarts.info/index.php/jarts/article/view/2012011740340/155 |
| _version_ | 1811266592771670016 |
|---|---|
| author | Nagendra Prasad Todaria Hari Krishan Bagwari |
| author_facet | Nagendra Prasad Todaria Hari Krishan Bagwari |
| author_sort | Nagendra Prasad Todaria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Agro-ecological resource use pattern in a traditional hill agricultural watershed in Garhwal Himalaya was analysed along an altitudinal transect. Thirty one food crops were found, although only 0.5% agriculture land is under irrigation in the area. Fifteen different tree species within agroforestry systems were located and their density varied from 30-90 trees/ha. Grain yield, fodder from agroforest trees and crop residue were observed to be highest between 1200 and 1600 m a.s.l. Also the annual energy input- output ratio per hectare was highest between 1200 and 1600 m a.s.l. (1.46).This higher input- output ratio between 1200-1600 m a.s.l. was attributed to the fact that green fodder, obtained from agroforestry trees, was considered as farm produce. The energy budget across altitudinal zones revealed 95% contribution of the farmyard manure and the maximum output was in terms of either crop residue (35%) or fodder (55%) from the agroforestry component. Presently on average 23%, 29% and 41% cattle were dependent on stall feeding in villages located at higher, lower and middle altitudes respectively. Similarly, fuel wood consumption was greatly influenced by altitude and family size. The efficiency and sustainability of the hill agroecosystem can be restored by strengthening of the agroforestry component. The approach will be appreciated by the local communities and will readily find their acceptance and can ensure their effective participation in the programme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:45:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87be4b481c524330a641fe9d688f1bd1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1612-9830 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:45:02Z |
| publishDate | 2011-12-01 |
| publisher | Kassel University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics |
| spelling | doaj.art-87be4b481c524330a641fe9d688f1bd12022-12-22T03:17:17ZengKassel University PressJournal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics1612-98302011-12-011122101112Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, IndiaNagendra Prasad TodariaHari Krishan BagwariAgro-ecological resource use pattern in a traditional hill agricultural watershed in Garhwal Himalaya was analysed along an altitudinal transect. Thirty one food crops were found, although only 0.5% agriculture land is under irrigation in the area. Fifteen different tree species within agroforestry systems were located and their density varied from 30-90 trees/ha. Grain yield, fodder from agroforest trees and crop residue were observed to be highest between 1200 and 1600 m a.s.l. Also the annual energy input- output ratio per hectare was highest between 1200 and 1600 m a.s.l. (1.46).This higher input- output ratio between 1200-1600 m a.s.l. was attributed to the fact that green fodder, obtained from agroforestry trees, was considered as farm produce. The energy budget across altitudinal zones revealed 95% contribution of the farmyard manure and the maximum output was in terms of either crop residue (35%) or fodder (55%) from the agroforestry component. Presently on average 23%, 29% and 41% cattle were dependent on stall feeding in villages located at higher, lower and middle altitudes respectively. Similarly, fuel wood consumption was greatly influenced by altitude and family size. The efficiency and sustainability of the hill agroecosystem can be restored by strengthening of the agroforestry component. The approach will be appreciated by the local communities and will readily find their acceptance and can ensure their effective participation in the programme.http://www.jarts.info/index.php/jarts/article/view/2012011740340/155agroecosystemaltitudeenergy consumptionenergy input-output ratioagricultural cropsGarhwal Himalaya |
| spellingShingle | Nagendra Prasad Todaria Hari Krishan Bagwari Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics agroecosystem altitude energy consumption energy input-output ratio agricultural crops Garhwal Himalaya |
| title | Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India |
| title_full | Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India |
| title_fullStr | Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India |
| title_short | Resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in Rawanganga micro-watershed in Garhwal Himalaya, India |
| title_sort | resource use pattern and agroecosystem functioning in rawanganga micro watershed in garhwal himalaya india |
| topic | agroecosystem altitude energy consumption energy input-output ratio agricultural crops Garhwal Himalaya |
| url | http://www.jarts.info/index.php/jarts/article/view/2012011740340/155 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nagendraprasadtodaria resourceusepatternandagroecosystemfunctioninginrawangangamicrowatershedingarhwalhimalayaindia AT harikrishanbagwari resourceusepatternandagroecosystemfunctioninginrawangangamicrowatershedingarhwalhimalayaindia |