Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection
By means of the time derivatives of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier-phase measurements, the instantaneous velocity of a stand-alone, single GNSS receiver can be estimated with a high precision of a few mm/s; it is feasible to even obtain the level of tenths of mm/s. Therefore, only...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3712 |
| _version_ | 1798039932308029440 |
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| author | Roland Hohensinn Alain Geiger |
| author_facet | Roland Hohensinn Alain Geiger |
| author_sort | Roland Hohensinn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | By means of the time derivatives of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier-phase measurements, the instantaneous velocity of a stand-alone, single GNSS receiver can be estimated with a high precision of a few mm/s; it is feasible to even obtain the level of tenths of mm/s. Therefore, only data from the satellite navigation message are needed, thus discarding any data from a reference network. Combining this method with an efficient movement-detection algorithm opens some interesting applications for geohazard monitoring; an example is the detection of strong earthquakes. This capability is demonstrated for a case study of the 6.5 Mw earthquake of October 30, 2016, near the city of Norcia in Italy; in that region, there are densely deployed GNSS stations. It is shown that GNSS sensors can detect seismic compressional (P) waves, which are the first to arrive at a measurement station. These findings are substantiated by a comparison with data of strong-motion (SM) seismometers. Furthermore, it is shown that the GNSS-only hypocenter localization comes close (less than a kilometer) to the solutions provided by official seismic services. Finally, we conclude that this method can provide important contributions to a real-time geohazard early-warning system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:00:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87ce97dd49ab400ea2dd9b306d77e6d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:00:31Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-87ce97dd49ab400ea2dd9b306d77e6d02022-12-22T04:00:57ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-10-011811371210.3390/s18113712s18113712Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake DetectionRoland Hohensinn0Alain Geiger1ETH Zurich, Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandETH Zurich, Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandBy means of the time derivatives of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier-phase measurements, the instantaneous velocity of a stand-alone, single GNSS receiver can be estimated with a high precision of a few mm/s; it is feasible to even obtain the level of tenths of mm/s. Therefore, only data from the satellite navigation message are needed, thus discarding any data from a reference network. Combining this method with an efficient movement-detection algorithm opens some interesting applications for geohazard monitoring; an example is the detection of strong earthquakes. This capability is demonstrated for a case study of the 6.5 Mw earthquake of October 30, 2016, near the city of Norcia in Italy; in that region, there are densely deployed GNSS stations. It is shown that GNSS sensors can detect seismic compressional (P) waves, which are the first to arrive at a measurement station. These findings are substantiated by a comparison with data of strong-motion (SM) seismometers. Furthermore, it is shown that the GNSS-only hypocenter localization comes close (less than a kilometer) to the solutions provided by official seismic services. Finally, we conclude that this method can provide important contributions to a real-time geohazard early-warning system.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3712high-precision GNSSinstantaneous GNSS velocitysignificance testingGNSS seismologygeohazard monitoringseismic monitoringearthquake early warning |
| spellingShingle | Roland Hohensinn Alain Geiger Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection Sensors high-precision GNSS instantaneous GNSS velocity significance testing GNSS seismology geohazard monitoring seismic monitoring earthquake early warning |
| title | Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection |
| title_full | Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection |
| title_fullStr | Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection |
| title_short | Stand-Alone GNSS Sensors as Velocity Seismometers: Real-Time Monitoring and Earthquake Detection |
| title_sort | stand alone gnss sensors as velocity seismometers real time monitoring and earthquake detection |
| topic | high-precision GNSS instantaneous GNSS velocity significance testing GNSS seismology geohazard monitoring seismic monitoring earthquake early warning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3712 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rolandhohensinn standalonegnsssensorsasvelocityseismometersrealtimemonitoringandearthquakedetection AT alaingeiger standalonegnsssensorsasvelocityseismometersrealtimemonitoringandearthquakedetection |