Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology
Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) including abundant full length tRNAs and tRNA fragments (tRFs) have recently garnered attention as a promising source of biomarkers and a novel mediator in cell-to-cell communication in eukaryotes. Depending on the physiological state of cells, tRNAs/tRFs are released to...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.662620/full |
| _version_ | 1818846707027279872 |
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| author | Adrian Gabriel Torres Eulàlia Martí Eulàlia Martí |
| author_facet | Adrian Gabriel Torres Eulàlia Martí Eulàlia Martí |
| author_sort | Adrian Gabriel Torres |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) including abundant full length tRNAs and tRNA fragments (tRFs) have recently garnered attention as a promising source of biomarkers and a novel mediator in cell-to-cell communication in eukaryotes. Depending on the physiological state of cells, tRNAs/tRFs are released to the extracellular space either contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs) or free, through a mechanism that is largely unknown. In this perspective article, we propose that extracellular tRNAs (ex-tRNAs) and/or extracellular tRFs (ex-tRFs) are relevant paracrine signaling molecules whose activity depends on the mechanisms of release by source cells and capture by recipient cells. We speculate on how ex-tRNA/ex-tRFs orchestrate the effects in target cells, depending on the type of sequence and the mechanisms of uptake. We further propose that tRNA modifications may be playing important roles in ex-tRNA biology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T05:49:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87e43e0b42f7445e86e57688985e9b74 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T05:49:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-87e43e0b42f7445e86e57688985e9b742022-12-21T20:33:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2021-04-01810.3389/fmolb.2021.662620662620Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA BiologyAdrian Gabriel Torres0Eulàlia Martí1Eulàlia Martí2Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, SpainExtracellular RNAs (exRNAs) including abundant full length tRNAs and tRNA fragments (tRFs) have recently garnered attention as a promising source of biomarkers and a novel mediator in cell-to-cell communication in eukaryotes. Depending on the physiological state of cells, tRNAs/tRFs are released to the extracellular space either contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs) or free, through a mechanism that is largely unknown. In this perspective article, we propose that extracellular tRNAs (ex-tRNAs) and/or extracellular tRFs (ex-tRFs) are relevant paracrine signaling molecules whose activity depends on the mechanisms of release by source cells and capture by recipient cells. We speculate on how ex-tRNA/ex-tRFs orchestrate the effects in target cells, depending on the type of sequence and the mechanisms of uptake. We further propose that tRNA modifications may be playing important roles in ex-tRNA biology.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.662620/fulltRNAtRNA fragmentsextracellular vesiclesregulation of gene expressioncell-to-cell communicationtRNA modifications |
| spellingShingle | Adrian Gabriel Torres Eulàlia Martí Eulàlia Martí Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences tRNA tRNA fragments extracellular vesicles regulation of gene expression cell-to-cell communication tRNA modifications |
| title | Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology |
| title_full | Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology |
| title_fullStr | Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology |
| title_short | Toward an Understanding of Extracellular tRNA Biology |
| title_sort | toward an understanding of extracellular trna biology |
| topic | tRNA tRNA fragments extracellular vesicles regulation of gene expression cell-to-cell communication tRNA modifications |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.662620/full |
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