Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome
Plants are continuously interacting with other organisms to optimize their performance in a changing environment. Mycorrhization is known to affect the plant growth and nutrient status, but it also can lead to adjusted plant defense and alter interactions with other trophic levels. Here, we studied...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/93 |
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| author | Prasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban Maaria Rosenkranz Peiyuan Zhu Moritz Kaling Anna Schmidt Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin Andrea Polle Jörg-Peter Schnitzler |
| author_facet | Prasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban Maaria Rosenkranz Peiyuan Zhu Moritz Kaling Anna Schmidt Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin Andrea Polle Jörg-Peter Schnitzler |
| author_sort | Prasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants are continuously interacting with other organisms to optimize their performance in a changing environment. Mycorrhization is known to affect the plant growth and nutrient status, but it also can lead to adjusted plant defense and alter interactions with other trophic levels. Here, we studied the effect of <i>Laccaria bicolor</i>-mycorrhization on the poplar (<i>Populus</i> x <i>canescens</i>) metabolome and volatilome on trees with and without a poplar leaf beetle (<i>Chrysomela populi</i>) infestation. We analyzed the leaf and root metabolomes employing liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and the leaf volatilome employing headspace sorptive extraction combined with gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry. Mycorrhization caused distinct metabolic adjustments in roots, young/infested leaves and old/not directly infested leaves. Mycorrhization adjusted the lipid composition, the abundance of peptides and, especially upon herbivory, the level of various phenolic compounds. The greatest change in leaf volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions occurred four to eight days following the beetle infestation. Together, these results prove that mycorrhization affects the whole plant metabolome and may influence poplar aboveground interactions. The herbivores and the mycorrhizal fungi interact with each other indirectly through a common host plant, a result that emphasizes the importance of community approach in chemical ecology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:27:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87ef8b6cca7542f581667a4752a6c97b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:27:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-87ef8b6cca7542f581667a4752a6c97b2023-11-23T21:04:18ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892022-01-011229310.3390/metabo12020093Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and VolatilomePrasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban0Maaria Rosenkranz1Peiyuan Zhu2Moritz Kaling3Anna Schmidt4Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin5Andrea Polle6Jörg-Peter Schnitzler7Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyResearch Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyResearch Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyResearch Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyDepartment of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyResearch Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyDepartment of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyResearch Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, GermanyPlants are continuously interacting with other organisms to optimize their performance in a changing environment. Mycorrhization is known to affect the plant growth and nutrient status, but it also can lead to adjusted plant defense and alter interactions with other trophic levels. Here, we studied the effect of <i>Laccaria bicolor</i>-mycorrhization on the poplar (<i>Populus</i> x <i>canescens</i>) metabolome and volatilome on trees with and without a poplar leaf beetle (<i>Chrysomela populi</i>) infestation. We analyzed the leaf and root metabolomes employing liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and the leaf volatilome employing headspace sorptive extraction combined with gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry. Mycorrhization caused distinct metabolic adjustments in roots, young/infested leaves and old/not directly infested leaves. Mycorrhization adjusted the lipid composition, the abundance of peptides and, especially upon herbivory, the level of various phenolic compounds. The greatest change in leaf volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions occurred four to eight days following the beetle infestation. Together, these results prove that mycorrhization affects the whole plant metabolome and may influence poplar aboveground interactions. The herbivores and the mycorrhizal fungi interact with each other indirectly through a common host plant, a result that emphasizes the importance of community approach in chemical ecology.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/93<i>Laccaria bicolor</i><i>Chrysomela populi</i>leaf beetlespoplarectomycorrhizal fungivolatile organic compounds |
| spellingShingle | Prasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban Maaria Rosenkranz Peiyuan Zhu Moritz Kaling Anna Schmidt Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin Andrea Polle Jörg-Peter Schnitzler Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome Metabolites <i>Laccaria bicolor</i> <i>Chrysomela populi</i> leaf beetles poplar ectomycorrhizal fungi volatile organic compounds |
| title | Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome |
| title_full | Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome |
| title_fullStr | Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome |
| title_short | Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome |
| title_sort | mycorrhiza tree herbivore interactions alterations in poplar metabolome and volatilome |
| topic | <i>Laccaria bicolor</i> <i>Chrysomela populi</i> leaf beetles poplar ectomycorrhizal fungi volatile organic compounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/93 |
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