Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function
Paromomycin is a naturally occurring aminoglycoside antibiotic that has effects on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes. However, previous reports have indicated that it has little effect on microsporidia, including <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae</i>, in cell culture models. <i&g...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1107 |
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| author | Rachel M. Cho Helen V. Kogan Annabelle B. Elikan Jonathan W. Snow |
| author_facet | Rachel M. Cho Helen V. Kogan Annabelle B. Elikan Jonathan W. Snow |
| author_sort | Rachel M. Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Paromomycin is a naturally occurring aminoglycoside antibiotic that has effects on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes. However, previous reports have indicated that it has little effect on microsporidia, including <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae</i>, in cell culture models. <i>V. ceranae</i> is one of a number of microsporidia species that cause disease in honey bees and substantial efforts to find new treatment strategies for bees that are infected with these pathogens are ongoing. When testing compounds for potential activity against <i>V. ceranae</i> in whole organisms, we found that paromomycin reduces the infection intensity of this parasite. Critically, the necessary doses of paromomycin have high activity against the bacteria of the honey bee microbiome and cause evident stress in bees. Microsporidia have been shown to lack an essential binding site on the ribosome that is known to allow for maximal inhibition by paromomycin. Thus, it is possible that paromomycin impacts parasite levels through non-cell autonomous effects on microsporidia infection levels via effects on the microbiome or midgut cellular function. As paromomycin treatment could cause widespread honey bee health issues in agricultural settings, it does not represent an appropriate anti-microsporidia agent for use in the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-87fb058cac784bddb9f0fd260a77af1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-87fb058cac784bddb9f0fd260a77af1f2023-11-23T18:03:06ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-05-01106110710.3390/microorganisms10061107Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell FunctionRachel M. Cho0Helen V. Kogan1Annabelle B. Elikan2Jonathan W. Snow3Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USADepartment of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USADepartment of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USADepartment of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAParomomycin is a naturally occurring aminoglycoside antibiotic that has effects on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes. However, previous reports have indicated that it has little effect on microsporidia, including <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae</i>, in cell culture models. <i>V. ceranae</i> is one of a number of microsporidia species that cause disease in honey bees and substantial efforts to find new treatment strategies for bees that are infected with these pathogens are ongoing. When testing compounds for potential activity against <i>V. ceranae</i> in whole organisms, we found that paromomycin reduces the infection intensity of this parasite. Critically, the necessary doses of paromomycin have high activity against the bacteria of the honey bee microbiome and cause evident stress in bees. Microsporidia have been shown to lack an essential binding site on the ribosome that is known to allow for maximal inhibition by paromomycin. Thus, it is possible that paromomycin impacts parasite levels through non-cell autonomous effects on microsporidia infection levels via effects on the microbiome or midgut cellular function. As paromomycin treatment could cause widespread honey bee health issues in agricultural settings, it does not represent an appropriate anti-microsporidia agent for use in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1107<i>Vairimorpha</i><i>Nosema</i>microsporidiahoney beeinfectionparomomycin |
| spellingShingle | Rachel M. Cho Helen V. Kogan Annabelle B. Elikan Jonathan W. Snow Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function Microorganisms <i>Vairimorpha</i> <i>Nosema</i> microsporidia honey bee infection paromomycin |
| title | Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function |
| title_full | Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function |
| title_fullStr | Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function |
| title_short | Paromomycin Reduces <i>Vairimorpha (Nosema)</i> <i>ceranae</i> Infection in Honey Bees but Perturbs Microbiome Levels and Midgut Cell Function |
| title_sort | paromomycin reduces i vairimorpha nosema i i ceranae i infection in honey bees but perturbs microbiome levels and midgut cell function |
| topic | <i>Vairimorpha</i> <i>Nosema</i> microsporidia honey bee infection paromomycin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1107 |
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